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Security report for liu.se

Linköpings universitet · Education · Sweden

Medium risk. 6 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view and SSL/TLS.

Security score

59/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Linköpings universitet (LiU) is a well-established public university in Sweden known for its innovative education programs, interdisciplinary research, and strong collaboration with industry and society. The website reflects a professional and comprehensive digital presence targeting students, researchers, and partners. It highlights key achievements such as top global rankings and high graduate employment rates, reinforcing its market position as a leading educational institution. Technically, the website employs modern web standards including HTML5, CSS, JavaScript, and integrates multimedia content via Vimeo. It uses Plausible Analytics for privacy-conscious user tracking and implements cookie consent mechanisms. The site is mobile-optimized, accessible, and SEO-friendly, although some security headers are not explicitly detected. From a security perspective, the site enforces HTTPS and avoids exposing sensitive data. However, it lacks visible security policies, incident response contacts, and vulnerability disclosure mechanisms, which are recommended for enhanced trust and compliance. The WHOIS data confirms the domain's legitimacy and consistency with the university's identity. Overall, the website demonstrates a strong balance of content quality, technical implementation, and business credibility with minor areas for security and compliance improvement. The risk profile is low, and the site is suitable for its educational mission and stakeholder engagement.

Scanned

This is an earlier scan of liu.se. View the latest report

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
0/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

6 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • Critical

      No HTTPS encryption

      GDPR requires appropriate security measures for personal data

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate for HTTPS

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

  2. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • Critical

      No HTTPS Encryption

      Website does not use HTTPS encryption, making all data transmission vulnerable to interception

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate and redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching liu.se

This scan found 14 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
0
Security headers
75
Email security
95
DNS health
85
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
0
Average
59

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Linköpings universitet operates as a public educational institution focusing on higher education and research. Its competitive advantages include a high international ranking, strong graduate employment outcomes, and interdisciplinary collaboration. The business model centers on delivering academic programs and research outputs that benefit society and industry. The university targets students, academics, and industry partners, leveraging partnerships and events to enhance its ecosystem. Growth indicators include active event calendars and research funding announcements. The website supports recruitment and engagement through clear calls to action and comprehensive information.

Security posture

The website exhibits a mature security posture with HTTPS enforced and no visible sensitive data leaks. Cookie consent and privacy policies indicate GDPR compliance. However, the absence of explicit security policies, incident response contacts, and vulnerability disclosure reduces transparency and preparedness. No vulnerable libraries or insecure forms were detected. Security headers could be improved to enhance protection against common web threats. Overall, the security maturity is good but could benefit from formalized policies and disclosures.

Recommendations

  1. Implement and publish a dedicated security policy page including incident response procedures and contact channels.
  2. Add security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options to harden the website.
  3. Introduce a vulnerability disclosure program or security.txt file to encourage responsible reporting.
  4. Enhance visibility of data protection officer contact information to improve GDPR transparency.
  5. Regularly audit third-party scripts and libraries to ensure no vulnerabilities are introduced.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Legal name
Linköpings universitet
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Linköpings universitet
Description
Linköpings universitet (LiU) är känt för innovativa utbildningar, gränsöverskridande forskning och nära samarbete med näringsliv och samhälle.
Key services
Education, Research, Collaboration with industry and society
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
JavaScript, CSS, HTML5, Vimeo (video embedding), FontAwesome fonts, Plausible Analytics
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
80/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced (canonical URL is https)
  • Cookie consent mechanism implemented
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML

Analytics and tracking

Services
Plausible Analytics
Tracking level
minimal
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Plausible Analytics
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with rich content and multimedia.
  2. Strong focus on education, research, and collaboration.
  3. Clear contact information and social media presence.
  4. Cookie consent and privacy policy are implemented and accessible.
  5. No visible security policy or incident response information.
  6. No terms of service page detected.
  7. Modern web technologies and analytics used with privacy considerations.
  8. No suspicious or malicious content detected.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on a modern technology stack with HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript, including asynchronous and deferred script loading for performance. It uses Vimeo for video content and Plausible Analytics for privacy-friendly tracking. The CMS appears to be Sitecore based on URL and script patterns. The site is mobile-optimized and accessible with good SEO practices including meta tags and structured data (JSON-LD). Performance is moderate, with opportunities to optimize loading times further. No major technical debt or risks were identified, but security header implementation is recommended.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 79/100Low23 findingsView report
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