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Security report for unil.ch

Université de Lausanne · Education · Switzerland

Low risk. 4 critical or high findings in Security headers, GDPR outside view and 1 other check.

Security score

79/100

Risk levelLow

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Université de Lausanne (UNIL) is a prominent Swiss academic institution offering a wide range of educational programs and conducting cutting-edge research. The website serves students, researchers, and academic staff with comprehensive information about faculties, research centers, study programs, and campus life. It positions itself as a leading university with a strong emphasis on interdisciplinary teaching and international research excellence. Technically, the website is built on the Jahia CMS platform, utilizing modern web technologies including jQuery, Google Tag Manager, Google Analytics, Hotjar, and OneTrust for cookie consent management. The site is mobile-optimized, accessible, and SEO-friendly, with a professional design and clear navigation structure. From a security perspective, the site enforces HTTPS, employs CSRF protection, and integrates a cookie consent mechanism compliant with GDPR. However, explicit security headers and a published security policy or vulnerability disclosure program are absent, representing areas for improvement. Overall, the website is trustworthy, professionally maintained, and compliant with privacy regulations. It poses low risk and effectively supports the university's mission. Strategic recommendations include enhancing security headers, publishing security and incident response policies, and providing clearer contact information for privacy and security inquiries.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
65/ 100 · Medium
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

4 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      Third-party services without privacy policy

      Detected services: Google Analytics, Facebook, LinkedIn, YouTube, Cloudflare

      What to do: Document all third-party data sharing in your privacy policy

  3. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • High

      Weak Protocols Supported

      Server supports weak protocols: TLSv1.1

      What to do: Disable TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and all SSL versions

      • CWE-327
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V12.1.1

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching unil.ch

This scan found 16 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
72
Security headers
70
Email security
83
DNS health
85
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
65
Average
79

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

UNIL operates as a public university in Switzerland, targeting students, researchers, and academic collaborators. Its competitive advantage lies in interdisciplinary research, a broad spectrum of study programs, and a strong international presence. The business model is based on public funding and educational services. The website reflects a mature digital presence with integrated analytics and consent management, indicating a focus on user experience and regulatory compliance. Partnerships with various academic and research entities are implied through linked subdomains and event platforms. Growth indicators include active event promotion and diverse educational offerings.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a moderate to strong security posture with mandatory HTTPS, CSRF protection, and GDPR-compliant cookie consent. The absence of explicit security headers such as Content-Security-Policy and X-Frame-Options is a gap that could be exploited. No vulnerability disclosure or incident response information is provided, which could hinder timely reporting and mitigation of security issues. Analytics tools like Google Analytics and Hotjar are used, which require careful data handling to maintain privacy compliance. Overall, the security culture appears adequate but could benefit from formalized policies and enhanced technical controls.

Recommendations

  1. Implement and enforce security headers including Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options.
  2. Publish a clear security policy and incident response contact information on the website.
  3. Establish and publicize a vulnerability disclosure program or security.txt file.
  4. Enhance transparency by providing explicit contact details for privacy and security inquiries.
  5. Regularly audit third-party scripts and analytics tools to ensure compliance with privacy regulations.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Université de Lausanne
Description
Université de Lausanne is an academic institution offering education and research at the international forefront, serving students and researchers.
Key services
Higher education (bachelor, master, doctorate), Research support and funding, Public events and cultural activities, Campus services
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
jQuery 3.4.1, Google Tag Manager, Google Analytics, Hotjar, OneTrust Cookie Consent, Jahia CMS (implied by script paths and JSON data)
Frameworks
Jahia CMS
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enabled
  • Cookie consent mechanism implemented
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Use of CSRF protection script (/modules/CsrfServlet)

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Hotjar
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Hotjar
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is a professional academic institution site in French with English alternate.
  2. Uses modern cookie consent management (OneTrust).
  3. Includes Google Analytics and Hotjar for analytics and user behavior tracking.
  4. No explicit contact emails or phone numbers found in the provided HTML snippet.
  5. No explicit privacy policy or terms of service pages detected in the snippet.
  6. Site uses HTTPS and includes CSRF protection script.
  7. No security.txt or vulnerability disclosure policy found.
  8. Content is safe and suitable for general audiences.
  9. No WAF or blocking mechanisms detected.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is powered by Jahia CMS and uses jQuery 3.4.1 along with Google Tag Manager, Google Analytics, Hotjar, and OneTrust for cookie consent. The site is responsive and optimized for mobile devices, with good SEO practices including meta tags and Open Graph data. Performance is moderate, likely influenced by multiple external scripts and analytics tools. The presence of CSRF protection indicates attention to security in form handling. Opportunities exist to modernize the tech stack by updating jQuery and optimizing script loading. Technical risks include reliance on multiple third-party services which may impact privacy and performance.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 74/100Medium26 findingsView report
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