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Security report for ull.es

Universidad de La Laguna · Education · Spain

Medium risk. 8 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Security headers and 1 other check.

Security score

60/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Universidad de La Laguna is a public higher education institution based in Spain, offering a wide range of academic programs, research opportunities, and cultural services. The website serves students, faculty, researchers, and the public with multilingual content and comprehensive institutional information. Technically, the site is built on WordPress with modern libraries such as Bootstrap and jQuery, providing a responsive and user-friendly experience. Security posture is adequate with HTTPS and some best practices, but lacks certain security headers and explicit vulnerability disclosure mechanisms. Privacy compliance is partially met with a privacy policy present but no visible cookie consent mechanism. Overall, the domain appears legitimate and consistent with a public university, though WHOIS data is unavailable due to registrar restrictions. Strategic recommendations include enhancing security headers, implementing cookie consent, and publishing security policies to improve trust and compliance.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
10/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

8 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

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This scan found 26 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
62
Security headers
30
Email security
75
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
10
Average
60

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The university holds a strong regional position in education and research sectors in Spain. Its business model is public and government-funded, focusing on academic excellence and social responsibility. The website reflects a mature digital presence with multilingual support and integration with partner domains such as the university foundation and research portals. No commercial advertising or affiliate programs are detected, consistent with its public institution nature. The target audience includes students, academic staff, and international collaborators. Growth indicators include active research calls and international mobility programs. The partnership ecosystem is well integrated with related university services and foundations.

Security posture

The website enforces HTTPS and uses a strict referrer policy, which are positive security indicators. However, it lacks several important security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options, which could mitigate common web attacks. No vulnerability disclosure or security.txt files are present, limiting transparency for security researchers. No contact emails or phone numbers for incident response or security teams are found. The absence of a cookie consent mechanism may pose GDPR compliance risks. Overall, the security posture is moderate but can be improved by adopting recommended headers, publishing security policies, and enhancing privacy controls.

Recommendations

  1. Implement comprehensive security headers including Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options.
  2. Add a cookie consent banner to comply with GDPR and improve user privacy transparency.
  3. Publish a vulnerability disclosure policy or security.txt file to facilitate responsible reporting.
  4. Provide clear contact information for data protection officer and incident response teams.
  5. Enhance accessibility features to meet WCAG standards and improve user experience for all users.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Universidad de La Laguna
Description
Public university providing higher education, research, and cultural services in Spain.
Key services
Undergraduate and graduate education, Research and innovation, Cultural and social services, International mobility and cooperation
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
jQuery, Bootstrap 5, Font Awesome, Google Fonts, WordPress, Stackable Ultimate Gutenberg Blocks, Depicter Slider
Frameworks
WordPress
Platforms
WordPress CMS
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
basic
SEO
basic

Security

Observed score
75/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Strict referrer policy (strict-origin-when-cross-origin)
  • No inline sensitive data detected

Analytics and tracking

Tracking level
minimal
Privacy practices
basic

Advertising

Transparency
poor

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is a public university site with extensive academic and institutional content.
  2. Content is well structured with multi-language support (Spanish, English, French).
  3. No explicit privacy or cookie consent banner detected, though privacy policy is present.
  4. No direct contact emails or phone numbers found on the homepage content.
  5. No visible security.txt or vulnerability disclosure page.
  6. WHOIS data is not accessible due to registrar restrictions on .es domains.
  7. Website uses modern web technologies and WordPress CMS.
  8. No signs of malicious or suspicious content.
  9. No advertising or tracking scripts detected beyond standard libraries.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on WordPress CMS with a modern tech stack including Bootstrap 5, jQuery, Font Awesome, and Google Fonts. It uses the Stackable Ultimate Gutenberg Blocks plugin and Depicter slider for content presentation. The site is responsive and optimized for mobile devices with good navigation clarity. Performance is moderate, with some room for optimization. No major technical debt or deprecated libraries detected. Hosting provider details are not disclosed. SEO is basic with meta tags present but could be enhanced with structured data and improved accessibility. Overall, the technical infrastructure supports the university's digital presence effectively but can benefit from further modernization and security hardening.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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