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Security report for ugr.es

Universidad de Granada · Education · Spain

Medium risk. 7 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Security headers and 1 other check.

Security score

60/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The Universidad de Granada is a historic and large public university institution in Spain, founded in 1531, serving over 54,000 students. It offers a wide range of educational programs including undergraduate, masters, and doctoral studies, alongside research and community services. The website is professionally designed with clear navigation, multilingual support, and comprehensive content tailored to students, staff, companies, and visitors. Technically, the site is built on Drupal 8, uses modern analytics tools like Google Analytics and Matomo, and incorporates cookie consent mechanisms aligned with GDPR requirements. Security posture is good with HTTPS enforced and no exposed sensitive data, though security headers are not visibly implemented and no explicit security or incident response policies are published. WHOIS data is unavailable due to registry access restrictions, but the website's branding and external references strongly support its legitimacy. Overall, the site demonstrates a mature digital presence with room for security enhancements.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
10/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

7 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

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Keep watching ugr.es

This scan found 27 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
67
Security headers
45
Email security
60
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
10
Average
60

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Universidad de Granada holds a strong market position as a leading Spanish university and a top Erasmus destination. Its business model focuses on public education and research services, supported by a large student body and extensive academic partnerships. The university maintains a broad ecosystem of related domains and partners, including regional university networks and data protection alliances. The website reflects a commitment to transparency, quality, and internationalization, with certifications and trust seals prominently displayed. Growth indicators include active cultural agendas and innovation projects. The institution leverages digital tools for outreach and engagement, positioning itself competitively in the higher education sector.

Security posture

The website enforces HTTPS and employs privacy-conscious analytics configurations, including IP anonymization and opt-in cookie consent. However, the absence of security headers such as Content Security Policy, HSTS, and X-Frame-Options represents a gap in defense-in-depth strategies. No vulnerability disclosure or incident response information is publicly available, which could hinder rapid response to security incidents. No signs of exposed credentials or vulnerabilities were detected in the analyzed content. Overall, the security posture is solid but could be improved by adopting additional best practices and transparency measures.

Recommendations

  1. Implement standard security headers (CSP, HSTS, X-Frame-Options) to enhance protection against common web attacks.
  2. Publish a dedicated security policy and incident response contact information to improve transparency and readiness.
  3. Consider adding a vulnerability disclosure program or security.txt file to facilitate responsible reporting.
  4. Regularly audit third-party scripts and libraries to ensure no vulnerabilities are introduced.
  5. Enhance accessibility and SEO by continuous monitoring and updates aligned with best practices.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Universidad de Granada
Description
Fundada en 1531, institución de carácter docente e investigador. Con más de 54000 estudiantes, es primer destino Erasmus y está en posiciones destacadas en rankings como Shanghai
Key services
Education (undergraduate, masters, doctorates), Research, Student services, Cultural agenda, Virtual office and electronic services
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Drupal 8, Google Analytics, Matomo Analytics, AddToAny sharing, Modernizr, Slick Carousel
Frameworks
Drupal CMS
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • IP anonymization in Google Analytics
  • Cookie consent banner with opt-in mechanism
  • No exposed sensitive data detected

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Matomo
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Matomo
Marketing tools
AddToAny
Transparency
good

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Official university website with comprehensive content and services
  2. Strong presence on social media and external academic networks
  3. Good privacy and cookie compliance with opt-in mechanism
  4. No visible security headers detected; opportunity for improvement
  5. WHOIS data unavailable due to access restrictions by domain registry
  6. No signs of WAF blocking or security challenges
  7. Use of modern CMS (Drupal 8) and analytics tools
  8. Clear navigation and multilingual support (Spanish and English)
  9. No exposed sensitive data or vulnerabilities detected in HTML content
Technical notes

Notes

The website is powered by Drupal 8, a robust and widely used CMS, indicating a mature technical infrastructure. It integrates modern JavaScript libraries such as Slick Carousel for UI components and uses Google Tag Manager for analytics management. The site is mobile responsive and includes accessibility features like skip links and ARIA labels. Performance is moderate, with asynchronous loading of scripts to optimize user experience. The presence of multiple analytics platforms suggests a comprehensive approach to user behavior analysis. However, the lack of visible security headers and incomplete WHOIS data due to registry restrictions are technical areas for improvement.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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