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Security report for lu.se

Lunds universitet · Education · Sweden

Medium risk. 7 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Security headers and 1 other check.

Security score

65/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Lunds universitet is a prestigious public university in Sweden, founded in 1666, and consistently ranked among the top 100 universities worldwide. The website serves a broad audience including students, researchers, academic staff, and the general public, providing comprehensive information about education programs, research, student services, and international collaboration. The digital presence is built on a modern Drupal 10 CMS platform, with good mobile optimization, accessibility, and SEO practices. The site uses Matomo analytics with privacy-respecting configurations and implements a cookie consent mechanism in compliance with GDPR. Security posture is strong with HTTPS enforced and no visible vulnerabilities, though some security headers could be explicitly confirmed and enhanced. WHOIS data for the www.lu.se subdomain is missing, which is not uncommon for subdomains, and does not detract from the site's legitimacy given the strong branding and content quality. Overall, the website reflects a mature, professional, and trustworthy digital asset for Lund University.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
25/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

7 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching lu.se

This scan found 23 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
62
Security headers
50
Email security
85
DNS health
70
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
25
Average
65

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Breach exposure

Leaked credentials and lookalike domains from OffSeq Breach. The counts are free; the detailed lists are paid add-ons.

Dark web exposure

Add-on

Leaked records that mention lu.se, from OffSeq Breach.

Total records
7,945
Employees
556
Customers
5,297
Third parties
2,092
Weak passwords
9%

Latest record dated 2026-06-16 · 272 subdomains affected

See the 10 newest leaked credentials

A one-off add-on to this report that lists the most recent identifier and password pairs OffSeq Breach holds for lu.se.

Select it in the checkout above.

Masked preview

  • –adfs.lu.se2026-06-16
  • –portal.print.lu.se2026-06-16
  • –print.lu.se2026-06-14
  • –idpv4.lu.se2026-06-13
  • –adfs.lu.se2026-06-12

Breach keeps ingesting new leaks, so these numbers can grow between scans.

Open in Breach(opens in a new tab)Monitor on Breach(opens in a new tab)

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Lunds universitet operates as a large educational institution with a long history and strong market position in Sweden and internationally. Its business model focuses on delivering higher education, conducting research, and fostering innovation and partnerships. The website supports these goals by providing detailed program information, research highlights, and collaboration opportunities. The presence of multiple related domains for international, employee, and library services indicates a well-structured digital ecosystem. The university targets students, academics, and partners, with a focus on quality education and research excellence. The site’s content and navigation support user engagement and information dissemination effectively.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a solid security posture with HTTPS enabled and use of privacy-conscious analytics. Cookie consent is implemented with opt-out options, respecting user privacy. No exposed sensitive data or vulnerable libraries were detected in the analyzed content. However, explicit security headers such as X-Frame-Options and X-Content-Type-Options were not clearly identified and should be verified. The site does not expose contact information for incident response or security policies publicly, which could be improved. Overall, the security maturity is good for an academic institution, with room for enhancement in security header implementation and incident response transparency.

Recommendations

  1. Verify and explicitly implement security headers like X-Frame-Options and X-Content-Type-Options to enhance protection against clickjacking and MIME sniffing.
  2. Publish a dedicated security policy and incident response contact information to improve transparency and readiness.
  3. Regularly audit third-party scripts and libraries to ensure no vulnerabilities are introduced.
  4. Enhance visibility of terms of service and contact information to improve user trust and compliance.
  5. Continue monitoring and updating cookie and privacy policies to maintain GDPR compliance and user trust.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Lunds universitet
Description
Lunds universitet grundades 1666 och rankas återkommande som ett av världens 100 främsta lärosäten. Här finns cirka 46 000 studenter och mer än 8 000 medarbetare.
Key services
Higher education programs, Research activities, Student support services, International collaboration, Innovation and partnership
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Drupal 10, Matomo Analytics, Bootstrap 5, FontAwesome, JavaScript, HTML5, CSS3
Frameworks
Drupal
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Cookie consent with opt-out mechanism
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Use of Matomo with Do Not Track respected

Analytics and tracking

Services
Matomo
Tracking level
minimal
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Matomo
Marketing tools
Matomo Analytics
Transparency
good

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is a professionally maintained university site with extensive content and navigation.
  2. Uses Drupal 10 CMS and modern web technologies.
  3. Implements cookie consent and respects Do Not Track signals.
  4. No signs of phishing, malware, or suspicious content.
  5. WHOIS data for www.lu.se subdomain is missing, but this is likely due to domain registration practices for subdomains.
  6. No direct contact emails or phone numbers found in the provided HTML snippet.
  7. No explicit terms of service page detected in the analyzed content.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on Drupal 10 CMS, leveraging modern web technologies including Bootstrap 5 and FontAwesome for UI components and icons. It uses Matomo for analytics with privacy-respecting configurations. The site is mobile optimized and accessible, with good SEO practices including meta tags and Open Graph data. Hosting appears to be managed by Swedish academic or government infrastructure, ensuring reliability. Performance is moderate, likely due to the rich content and scripts. The site uses JavaScript for enhanced user experience features such as search and accessibility tools. There is no indication of technical debt or outdated technologies, but continuous performance optimization could be beneficial.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 53/100Medium26 findingsView report
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