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Security report for lnu.se

Linnéuniversitetet · Education · Sweden

Medium risk. 6 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, SSL/TLS and 1 other check.

Security score

51/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Linnéuniversitetet is a modern and internationally oriented university located in Kalmar and Växjö, Sweden. It offers a wide range of educational programs, research initiatives, and collaborative projects aimed at societal development. The university holds a strong market position in the Swedish higher education sector, supported by accreditations such as AACSB and a comprehensive digital presence. The website reflects a mature digital infrastructure with modern technologies including jQuery, FontAwesome, and cloud hosting via Microsoft Azure. Privacy and cookie consent mechanisms are robust and GDPR-compliant, providing users with granular control over data collection. Security practices are good, with HTTPS enforced and bot management in place, though some security headers could be enhanced. Overall, the site demonstrates high professionalism, trustworthiness, and user experience quality.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
15/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

6 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • Critical

      No HTTPS encryption

      GDPR requires appropriate security measures for personal data

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate for HTTPS

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

  2. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • Critical

      No HTTPS Encryption

      Website does not use HTTPS encryption, making all data transmission vulnerable to interception

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate and redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS

  3. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching lnu.se

This scan found 21 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
0
Security headers
50
Email security
75
DNS health
65
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
15
Average
51

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The university operates as a public educational institution focusing on higher education and research. Its business model revolves around academic programs, research funding, and partnerships with industry and society. The website content targets students, researchers, and collaborators, highlighting job opportunities, events, and research highlights. The presence of detailed cookie consent and privacy policies indicates a strong compliance culture. The university's digital ecosystem includes integrations with major analytics and marketing platforms, supporting extensive user tracking for service improvement and targeted advertising. The institution's branding is consistent and supported by active social media channels, reinforcing its market presence and credibility.

Security posture

The website employs HTTPS with a good SSL configuration and uses Cloudflare Bot Management to mitigate automated threats. Cookie consent is managed via CookieYes, offering detailed user controls and transparency. No exposed sensitive data or vulnerable libraries were detected in the HTML content. However, security headers such as Content-Security-Policy and X-Frame-Options are not explicitly present and could be added to strengthen security. Incident response contact information is not explicitly provided, which is a gap in the security policy. Overall, the security posture is solid but could benefit from additional header implementations and a published vulnerability disclosure policy.

Recommendations

  1. Implement additional security headers like Content-Security-Policy, X-Content-Type-Options, and X-Frame-Options to enhance protection against common web attacks.
  2. Publish a security.txt file or dedicated vulnerability disclosure page to facilitate responsible reporting of security issues.
  3. Provide explicit incident response contact channels such as security@ or abuse@ email addresses.
  4. Regularly review and update third-party scripts and libraries to mitigate potential vulnerabilities.
  5. Enhance transparency by including data retention policies and privacy impact assessments accessible to users.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Linnéuniversitetet
Description
Ett modernt och internationellt universitet med placering i Kalmar och Växjö. Vi bidrar till samhällsutveckling genom forskning, utbildning och samverkan.
Key services
Higher education programs, Research projects, Collaboration with industry and society, Student services
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
jQuery 3.6.0, jQuery UI 1.13.0, FontAwesome 6.4.2, Cloudflare Bot Management, CookieYes consent management, Boost.ai chatbot, Google Analytics, Microsoft Application Insights, Hotjar
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced (canonical link is https)
  • Cookie consent with granular controls
  • Use of Cloudflare Bot Management cookie
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Microsoft Application Insights, Hotjar
Tracking level
extensive
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Ad networks
Microsoft Advertising (Bing), Google Ads, Issuu, Quantserve
Tracking pixels
Facebook Pixel, Hotjar
Marketing tools
Microsoft Application Insights, Hotjar
Transparency
good

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is professionally designed and well-structured.
  2. Comprehensive cookie consent mechanism with detailed categories and vendor lists.
  3. Multiple job listings and event calendars indicate active institutional operations.
  4. Strong social media presence across major platforms.
  5. Use of modern web technologies and analytics tools.
  6. No signs of blocking or WAF challenges.
  7. Privacy and security policies are clearly linked and accessible.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on a modern technology stack including jQuery, jQuery UI, FontAwesome, and Episerver CMS. Hosting is inferred to be on Microsoft Azure, supported by Azure-specific cookies and load balancing mechanisms. Performance is moderate with deferred script loading and responsive images for mobile optimization. Accessibility features such as skip links and ARIA labels are present, contributing to good accessibility scores. SEO is supported by proper meta tags, Open Graph, and Twitter card metadata. The site integrates multiple analytics and marketing tools, indicating a mature digital marketing infrastructure. Technical debt appears low, but opportunities exist to improve security headers and incident response readiness.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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