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Security report for linux.it

Italian Linux Society · Technology · Italy

Medium risk. 8 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Security headers and 2 other checks.

Security score

56/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The website linux.it is operated by the Italian Linux Society, a well-established non-profit organization founded in 1994 that promotes Linux and free software in Italy. The site serves as an educational and community resource, offering information about Linux, installation guides, community events, and free software advocacy. It targets Italian-speaking users interested in Linux and open source technologies. The organization maintains a consistent brand presence and leverages official social media channels and partner sites to extend its reach. Technically, the site is built using modern web technologies including Bootstrap, jQuery, and Nikola static site generator, with privacy-respecting Matomo analytics. The website is mobile-optimized, accessible, and SEO-friendly, providing a good user experience. HTTPS is enforced, ensuring secure communications, though some security headers are missing. Privacy compliance is partially addressed with a privacy policy linked to the partner domain, but no cookie consent mechanism is present. From a security perspective, the site shows good practices such as HTTPS usage and no visible vulnerabilities or sensitive data exposure. However, it lacks explicit security policies, incident response contacts, and vulnerability disclosure mechanisms. The WHOIS data is consistent with the organization's identity and domain age, supporting legitimacy. No adult or questionable content is present, making the site safe for general audiences. Overall, linux.it is a credible, well-maintained community resource with solid technical foundations and a trustworthy business profile. Improvements in privacy compliance and security headers would enhance its posture further.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
28/ 100 · High
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

8 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing X-Frame-Options header

      Prevents clickjacking attacks

      What to do: Add "X-Frame-Options: DENY" or "X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN"

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

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Keep watching linux.it

This scan found 27 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
75
Security headers
15
Email security
68
DNS health
50
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
28
Average
56

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Breach exposure

Leaked credentials and lookalike domains from OffSeq Breach. The counts are free; the detailed lists are paid add-ons.

Dark web exposure

Add-on

Leaked records that mention linux.it, from OffSeq Breach.

Total records
65
Employees
0
Customers
52
Third parties
13
Weak passwords
15%

11 subdomains affected

See the 10 newest leaked credentials

A one-off add-on to this report that lists the most recent identifier and password pairs OffSeq Breach holds for linux.it.

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Breach keeps ingesting new leaks, so these numbers can grow between scans.

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Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Italian Linux Society holds a strong position within the Italian Linux and free software community as a non-profit entity focused on education, advocacy, and community engagement. Its business model revolves around promoting open source software rather than commercial revenue generation. The organization benefits from a loyal user base, partnerships with related Linux projects, and active social media presence. Its growth is supported by community contributions and events. The website acts as a central hub for information dissemination and community coordination, reinforcing its role as a key player in the Italian open source ecosystem.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a moderate to good security maturity level. HTTPS is properly implemented, and no sensitive information is exposed in the HTML content. The use of Matomo analytics indicates a privacy-conscious approach. However, the absence of security headers such as Content-Security-Policy and Strict-Transport-Security reduces the overall security posture. There is no visible security policy or incident response contact, which could hinder timely handling of security incidents. No vulnerability disclosure or security.txt file is present, limiting transparency. Overall, the site is secure for typical use but could benefit from enhanced security controls and formal policies.

Recommendations

  1. Implement a cookie consent banner to comply with EU cookie regulations and improve privacy compliance.
  2. Add essential security headers including Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and Strict-Transport-Security to strengthen security posture.
  3. Publish a clear security policy and provide incident response contact information to improve transparency and readiness.
  4. Create and maintain a vulnerability disclosure policy or security.txt file to encourage responsible reporting of security issues.
  5. Enhance privacy policy details to explicitly address GDPR compliance and data retention practices.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Italian Linux Society
Description
Italian Linux Society promotes Linux and free software in Italy, providing educational resources, community engagement, and support for open source software.
Key services
Linux education and promotion, Community events and support, Distribution and installation guidance, Free software advocacy, Providing stickers and promotional materials
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Bootstrap CSS, jQuery, Matomo Analytics, Nikola Static Site Generator
Frameworks
Bootstrap
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
80/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Use of Matomo for privacy-respecting analytics

Analytics and tracking

Services
Matomo
Tracking level
minimal
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Matomo
Transparency
excellent

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with no blocking or WAF challenges.
  2. Content is well-structured, informative, and targeted at Linux users and free software advocates.
  3. Strong presence of official social media and partner links.
  4. Use of open source licenses and clear privacy policy link.
  5. No visible contact emails or phone numbers on the main page.
  6. No cookie consent banner detected despite EU privacy regulations.
  7. Good technical implementation with modern frameworks and privacy-respecting analytics.
Technical notes

Notes

The website uses a modern and lightweight technical stack centered around the Nikola static site generator, Bootstrap for responsive design, and jQuery for interactivity. Matomo analytics is used for privacy-respecting visitor tracking. The site loads scripts asynchronously and defers non-critical JavaScript, contributing to moderate performance. Mobile optimization and accessibility features are well implemented. The site lacks some advanced security headers and cookie consent mechanisms, which are technical debt areas. Hosting details are not explicit, but the site is served over HTTPS with a valid certificate. Overall, the technical implementation is solid with room for security and privacy enhancements.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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