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Security report for inaecu.com

Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación Avanzada sobre Evaluación de la Ciencia y la Universidad · Education · Spain

Medium risk. 7 critical or high findings in Security headers and GDPR outside view.

Security score

66/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

INAECU is an interuniversity research institute focused on the evaluation of science and higher education, created by universities in the Alianza 4U in Spain. The website presents a professional and content-rich platform primarily in Spanish, targeting academic researchers and institutions. The business model revolves around scientific research, specialized teaching, and technical advisory services in science and technology evaluation. Technically, the site is built on WordPress with the Avada theme and several plugins, including Google Translate and social feed integrations. While the site is accessible and well-structured, some technical aspects such as Google Analytics configuration and security headers could be improved. Security posture is generally good with HTTPS enforced and CAPTCHA usage, but lacks advanced security headers and vulnerability disclosure information. The absence of privacy and cookie policies indicates non-compliance with GDPR best practices. WHOIS data is missing or unavailable, which raises concerns about domain registration legitimacy despite the professional appearance of the site. Overall, the site is functional and credible for its academic purpose but requires enhancements in privacy compliance and security transparency.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
35/ 100 · High
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

7 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing X-Frame-Options header

      Prevents clickjacking attacks

      What to do: Add "X-Frame-Options: DENY" or "X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN"

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching inaecu.com

This scan found 21 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
100
Security headers
15
Email security
70
DNS health
75
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
35
Average
66

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The institute positions itself as a specialized research center within the Spanish higher education sector, collaborating with multiple universities under the Alianza 4U. Its competitive advantage lies in its interdisciplinary approach to scientific evaluation and its integration with academic networks. The business model is non-commercial, focusing on research projects, academic publications, and advisory roles. The website reflects a small-sized organization with a focused target audience of researchers and academic institutions. Partnerships with observatories like IUNE and affiliations with government entities enhance its credibility. Growth indicators include active project coordination and event organization. However, the lack of explicit contact details and social media presence may limit outreach and engagement.

Security posture

The website enforces HTTPS and uses CAPTCHA to protect forms, indicating a baseline security awareness. However, it lacks important security headers such as Content-Security-Policy and X-Frame-Options, which could mitigate risks like clickjacking and content injection. The presence of an unconfigured Google Analytics plugin suggests potential unused attack surface. No evidence of exposed sensitive data or known vulnerabilities was found. The absence of a security policy, incident response contacts, and vulnerability disclosure mechanisms indicates limited security maturity and preparedness. GDPR compliance is weak due to missing privacy and cookie policies. Overall, the security posture is moderate but could be significantly improved by implementing recommended headers, policies, and transparency measures.

Recommendations

  1. Implement and publish comprehensive privacy and cookie policies to ensure GDPR compliance.
  2. Add security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Content-Type-Options, and X-Frame-Options to enhance protection.
  3. Configure or remove unused analytics plugins to reduce attack surface.
  4. Publish a security policy and incident response contact information to improve transparency and readiness.
  5. Consider adding a security.txt file and vulnerability disclosure program to foster trust and responsible reporting.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación Avanzada sobre Evaluación de la Ciencia y la Universidad
Description
Somos un centro de investigación creado entre las universidades que integran la Alianza 4U. Nuestra actividad principal es la investigación científica y técnica, pudiendo, además impartir docencia de carácter especializado e interdisciplinar y proporcionar asesoramiento técnico en el ámbito de la evaluación de la actividad científica y tecnológica.
Key services
Scientific and technical research, Specialized interdisciplinary teaching, Technical advisory in science and technology evaluation
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
WordPress 6.8.1, jQuery 3.7.1, Google Translate plugin, Captcha plugin, Feed Them Social plugin, MP Timetable plugin, Search and Filter plugin, Fusion theme (Avada)
Frameworks
WordPress CMS, Avada theme framework
Platforms
Web (desktop and mobile)
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
basic
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
80/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Use of CAPTCHA on forms

Analytics and tracking

Tracking level
minimal
Privacy practices
poor

Advertising

Transparency
poor

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with rich content in Spanish.
  2. No privacy, cookie, or terms of service policies found.
  3. No explicit contact emails or phone numbers found on homepage.
  4. No social media links detected in header/footer.
  5. Uses WordPress with Avada theme and several plugins.
  6. Google Analytics plugin present but not configured.
  7. No security.txt or vulnerability disclosure information found.
  8. WHOIS data missing, which is unusual for a .com domain.
Technical notes

Notes

The website uses a modern WordPress CMS with the Avada theme, supported by a range of plugins for translation, social feeds, CAPTCHA, and event management. The site is mobile optimized and has good SEO meta tags and Open Graph data. Performance is moderate, with some large images and multiple plugins that could impact load times. Accessibility features are basic but present. The technical infrastructure is typical for a small academic research site but could benefit from optimization and security hardening. Hosting provider details are not disclosed. Overall, the technical setup supports the business needs but has room for modernization and security improvements.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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