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Security report for essec.edu

ESSEC Business School · Education · France

Medium risk. 9 critical or high findings in Security headers, GDPR outside view and 2 other checks.

Security score

66/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

ESSEC Business School is a well-established educational institution in France, recognized for its excellence in business education, innovation, and social responsibility. The website reflects a professional and content-rich platform targeting prospective students and professionals interested in business programs. Technically, the site uses modern frameworks such as Next.js and React, ensuring good mobile optimization and SEO practices. Security posture is adequate with HTTPS enabled, but lacks advanced security headers and explicit privacy and cookie policies, which are important for compliance and trust. Overall, the domain registration data supports the legitimacy and consistency of the business claims. Strategic improvements in privacy compliance and security best practices would enhance the site's trustworthiness and regulatory adherence.

Scanned

This is an earlier scan of essec.edu. View the latest report

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
35/ 100 · High
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

9 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing X-Frame-Options header

      Prevents clickjacking attacks

      What to do: Add "X-Frame-Options: DENY" or "X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN"

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching essec.edu

This scan found 21 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
77
Security headers
15
Email security
77
DNS health
90
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
35
Average
66

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The ESSEC Business School holds a strong market position as a reputed business education provider in France. Its business model focuses on delivering high-quality educational programs with an emphasis on innovation and social responsibility. The target audience includes students and professionals seeking advanced business education. The website content and branding are consistent and professional, supporting the institution's credibility. There is no evidence of direct revenue streams or partnerships from the provided data, but the institution likely relies on tuition and program fees. The lack of visible contact emails or phone numbers suggests a preference for controlled communication channels via contact forms.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a basic to moderate security posture with HTTPS enabled, ensuring encrypted communications. However, the absence of key security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and others reduces protection against common web attacks. No incident response or vulnerability disclosure information is provided, which limits transparency and readiness perception. No exposed sensitive data or vulnerable libraries were detected in the provided content. The site should implement security headers and publish clear security policies to improve its security maturity and compliance with regulations like GDPR and NIS2.

Recommendations

  1. Implement comprehensive privacy and cookie policies with clear GDPR compliance statements.
  2. Add security headers including Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options.
  3. Publish incident response and vulnerability disclosure information to enhance transparency.
  4. Provide direct contact information such as official emails and phone numbers for better user trust.
  5. Conduct regular security audits and update libraries to avoid vulnerabilities.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
ESSEC Business School
Description
ESSEC Business School is a recognized business school known for excellence, student community, and programs focused on innovation, entrepreneurship, and social responsibility.
Key services
Business education programs, Innovation and entrepreneurship initiatives, Social responsibility programs
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
React, Next.js, Font Awesome, Swiper.js
Frameworks
Next.js
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
basic
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
70/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enabled

Analytics and tracking

Tracking level
minimal
Privacy practices
poor

Advertising

Transparency
poor

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
good
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
good
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is professionally designed and content-rich.
  2. No explicit privacy or cookie policies found.
  3. Contact information is primarily via contact forms; no direct emails or phone numbers clearly identified.
  4. No visible security headers detected in provided data.
  5. No incident response or vulnerability disclosure information present.
  6. No social media links explicitly found in provided content.
  7. Uses modern web technologies and frameworks.
  8. No advertising or tracking scripts detected in provided content.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built using modern web technologies including React and Next.js, which support server-side rendering and good SEO. It uses external libraries like Font Awesome for icons and Swiper.js for carousels. The site appears to be moderately performant with good mobile optimization. Accessibility features are basic but present. No CMS or hosting provider details were explicitly found. The site uses CDN services for fonts and assets, improving load times. There is room for improvement in accessibility and performance optimization to enhance user experience further.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 70/100Medium30 findingsView report
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