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Security report for esn.it

Erasmus Student Network Italia · Education · Italy

High risk. 8 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Security headers and 2 other checks.

Security score

43/100

Risk levelHigh

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Erasmus Student Network Italia (ESN Italia) is a well-established non-profit organization dedicated to supporting international student mobility in Italy. As the Italian branch of the European Erasmus Student Network, it operates through a large volunteer base and offers various projects, events, and resources to Erasmus and international students. The website reflects a mature digital presence with clear branding, comprehensive content, and active engagement through social media and partnerships. Technically, the site is built on Drupal CMS with modern JavaScript libraries and integrates Google Analytics for user insights. Security posture is solid with HTTPS, DNSSEC, and cookie consent mechanisms, though additional security headers and formal security policies could enhance protection. Overall, ESN Italia demonstrates strong business credibility and compliance with privacy regulations, making it a trustworthy resource for its target audience.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
28/ 100 · High
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

8 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

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Keep watching esn.it

This scan found 29 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
42
Security headers
40
Email security
70
DNS health
60
Network security
20
GDPR outside view
28
Average
43

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Breach exposure

Leaked credentials and lookalike domains from OffSeq Breach. The counts are free; the detailed lists are paid add-ons.

Dark web exposure

Add-on

Leaked records that mention esn.it, from OffSeq Breach.

Total records
152
Employees
4
Customers
117
Third parties
31
Weak passwords
7%

Latest record dated 2026-05-26 · 9 subdomains affected

See the 10 newest leaked credentials

A one-off add-on to this report that lists the most recent identifier and password pairs OffSeq Breach holds for esn.it.

Select it in the checkout above.

Masked preview

  • –uranus.esn.it2026-05-26
  • –uranus.esn.it2026-02-16
  • –uranus.esn.it2026-01-23
  • –uranus.esn.it2025-10-29

Breach keeps ingesting new leaks, so these numbers can grow between scans.

Open in Breach(opens in a new tab)Monitor on Breach(opens in a new tab)

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

ESN Italia holds a strong position in the education and non-profit sector focused on student exchange and cultural integration. Its business model relies on volunteer engagement and partnerships with commercial and institutional entities. The organization leverages digital tools for communication, event management, and outreach, including newsletters and social media. The presence of multiple projects and contests indicates active community involvement and growth potential. The domain age and WHOIS data support the legitimacy and long-term operation of the entity. Strategic partnerships with recognized brands and institutions further strengthen its market presence.

Security posture

The website employs HTTPS with DNSSEC enabled, ensuring secure domain name resolution and encrypted communications. Cookie compliance is actively managed with a consent popup. No critical vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data were detected in the HTML content. However, the absence of explicit security policies, incident response contacts, or vulnerability disclosure mechanisms suggests room for improvement in security governance. The use of common libraries like jQuery and Drupal modules appears up-to-date with no obvious deprecated or vulnerable components. Overall, the security posture is good but could benefit from formalized policies and additional HTTP security headers.

Recommendations

  1. Implement HTTP security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and Strict-Transport-Security to enhance protection against common web attacks.
  2. Publish a dedicated security policy page and provide clear incident response contact information to improve transparency and readiness.
  3. Consider adding a vulnerability disclosure policy or security.txt file to encourage responsible reporting of security issues.
  4. Enhance accessibility features to meet higher standards for users with disabilities.
  5. Regularly audit third-party scripts and libraries to ensure they remain secure and up-to-date.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Legal name
Erasmus Student Network Italia
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Erasmus Student Network Italia
Description
ESN Italia is the Italian branch of the Erasmus Student Network, a European student association promoting and supporting international student exchanges through the principle 'Students Helping Students'. It consists of 53 local sections with over 2000 volunteers across Italy.
Key services
Support for Erasmus and international students, Organizing events and projects such as Welcome Days, Erasmus Games, cultural meetings, Providing information and resources like survival guides and surveys, Partnerships with commercial and institutional entities
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Drupal CMS, jQuery, Google Analytics, Superfish menu, Colorbox, Mixcloud embed, jPlayer
Frameworks
Drupal
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
basic
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Cookie consent mechanism implemented
  • No exposed sensitive data detected

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Google Tag Manager
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Marketing tools
Mailchimp (newsletter)
Transparency
good

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with rich content and navigation.
  2. Strong presence of social media and partner links.
  3. Good privacy and cookie compliance with consent mechanism.
  4. No visible security or privacy policy beyond privacy and cookie policy.
  5. No terms of service or explicit security incident response info found.
  6. Drupal CMS with common libraries and Google Analytics used.
  7. No suspicious or malicious content detected.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is powered by Drupal CMS, utilizing a range of contributed modules and JavaScript libraries such as jQuery, Superfish for menus, Colorbox for modals, and jPlayer for audio playback. Google Analytics and Google Tag Manager are integrated for analytics and tracking. The site is mobile responsive with viewport meta tags and mobile-friendly CSS imports. Performance appears moderate with multiple CSS and JS imports but no major blocking issues detected. SEO is supported by proper meta tags and structured navigation. Hosting provider details are not explicitly disclosed. The technical stack is mature and suitable for the organization's needs, though optimization opportunities exist for performance and accessibility.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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