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Security report for em-lyon.com

emlyon business school · Education · France

Medium risk. 5 critical or high findings in Security headers, GDPR outside view and 2 other checks.

Security score

68/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

emlyon business school is a prestigious and long-established European business school founded in 1872, offering a wide range of business education programs including Grande Ecole, Bachelors, Masters, MSc, MBA, and executive education. The school holds triple accreditation (EQUIS, AACSB, AMBA), underscoring its high academic standards and global recognition. It serves a diverse international student body across multiple campuses in Lyon, Shanghai, Paris, and Mumbai. The website reflects a mature digital presence with a modern Drupal CMS, responsive design, and comprehensive content tailored to prospective students and professionals. Technically, the website employs modern web technologies including Bootstrap for responsive design, Google Tag Manager for analytics and marketing, and Didomi for GDPR-compliant cookie consent management. The site is well-optimized for SEO and accessibility, with clear navigation and structured data enhancing search engine understanding. Security posture is strong with HTTPS enforced and domain locking status flags, though DNSSEC is not enabled, representing an area for improvement. From a security and compliance perspective, the site demonstrates good privacy practices with explicit privacy and cookie policies, consent mechanisms, and no detected vulnerabilities or suspicious domains. However, explicit security policies and incident response contacts are not published, which could be enhanced to improve transparency and trust. Overall, the site is safe, professional, and trustworthy, serving its educational mission effectively.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
68/ 100 · Medium
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

5 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

  3. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • High

      Weak Protocols Supported

      Server supports weak protocols: TLSv1.1

      What to do: Disable TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and all SSL versions

      • CWE-327
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V12.1.1
    • High

      SSL Certificate Expires Soon

      SSL certificate expires in 27 days

      What to do: Renew SSL certificate before expiration

      • NIS2 21(2)(h)
      • IR 2024/2690 9.2(c): Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690, Annex point 9.2(c): Cryptography
      • NIST SC-17: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 SC-17: Public Key Infrastructure Certificates

  4. DNS health

    DNS sends visitors and email to the right servers. Misconfigured records can cause outages or let someone redirect your traffic.

    • High

      Domain Expires Soon

      Domain expires in 28 days

      What to do: Renew domain registration before expiration

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching em-lyon.com

This scan found 24 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

€25per month

  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

Email alerts on material changes and an exportable JSON history of every change.

Billed monthly to your card. Cancel anytime. The full timeline opens with your unlock code.

Full report

€39.90one-time

  • The complete analysis as a PDF you can cite
  • Email delivery with an unlock code
  • Lifetime access to this report

Prices incl. 21% VAT. Secure checkout by Mollie; sold by SEQ SIA, Latvia.

Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
52
Security headers
50
Email security
75
DNS health
65
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
68
Average
68

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

emlyon business school occupies a top-tier position in the European business education market, leveraging its triple accreditation and historic legacy to attract a global student base. Its business model centers on delivering high-value academic programs and executive training, supported by a broad network of academic partners and campuses. The school’s digital ecosystem supports marketing, analytics, and user engagement through integrated tools like Google Ads, Bing Ads, and Microsoft Clarity. The institution’s growth is supported by diversified offerings including online courses and executive certificates, targeting students, professionals, and executives. The website’s content and structure reflect a strategic focus on clarity, accessibility, and comprehensive program information, positioning emlyon as a competitive and reputable player in global business education.

Security posture

The website’s security posture is robust, featuring HTTPS encryption, domain registration protections (client and server prohibitions on deletion, transfer, and update), and a GDPR-compliant cookie consent mechanism via Didomi. No exposed sensitive data or vulnerable libraries were detected in the analysis. The absence of DNSSEC is a minor gap in DNS security. The site lacks publicly available security policies or incident response contacts, which are recommended best practices for transparency and preparedness. Overall, the security maturity is high for an educational institution website, with room for improvement in explicit security governance disclosures.

Recommendations

  1. Enable DNSSEC on the domain to enhance DNS security and prevent spoofing.
  2. Publish a dedicated security policy page outlining security practices and commitments.
  3. Provide clear incident response contact channels such as security@ or abuse@ email addresses.
  4. Implement and publish a vulnerability disclosure policy or security.txt file to encourage responsible reporting.
  5. Regularly audit third-party scripts and libraries to ensure no vulnerabilities are introduced.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
emlyon business school
Description
emlyon business school, une grande école de commerce proposant le Programme Grande Ecole, des MS, MSc in, un MBA ainsi que de la formation continue. Fondée en 1872, emlyon business school est l’une des plus anciennes écoles de commerce en Europe. Elle appartient au 1 % des business schools dans le monde bénéficiant d’une triple accréditation EQUIS, AACSB et AMBA. emlyon business school accueille 9 260 étudiantes et étudiants de 130 nationalités sur ses 4 campus à Lyon, Shanghai, Paris et Mumbai. L’École s'appuie sur une Faculté de 174 professeures et professeurs-chercheurs internationaux et un réseau de 220 partenaires académiques pour proposer des parcours d'apprentissage d'excellence, reconnus dans les classements du meilleur niveau mondial. Elle compte une communauté de 48 000 diplômées et diplômés.
Key services
Programme Grande Ecole, Bachelors, Masters & MSc, MBA, Executive education, Online courses
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Drupal CMS, Bootstrap, Google Tag Manager, Didomi Consent Management, Microsoft Clarity, Bing Ads, Google Ads
Frameworks
Bootstrap
Platforms
Web
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enabled
  • Domain locked with multiple EPP status prohibitions
  • Consent management implemented with Didomi

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics (via GTM), Microsoft Clarity
Tracking level
extensive
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Ad networks
Google Ads, Bing Ads
Tracking pixels
Microsoft Clarity
Marketing tools
Didomi Consent Management
Transparency
good

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with no blocking or WAF challenges.
  2. Comprehensive cookie consent mechanism implemented via Didomi.
  3. Strong business legitimacy with triple accreditation and long history.
  4. Good technical implementation with modern frameworks and CMS.
  5. Security posture is strong but could improve DNS security by enabling DNSSEC.
  6. No explicit security or incident response policies published on the site.
  7. Contact information is clearly provided with official email and phone.
  8. No suspicious or malicious external domains detected.
  9. Advertising and analytics practices are transparent and compliant.
  10. Content is safe and appropriate for general audiences.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on Drupal CMS with Bootstrap framework, ensuring responsive and accessible design. It integrates multiple marketing and analytics tools including Google Tag Manager, Microsoft Clarity, and Bing Ads, indicating a mature digital marketing infrastructure. The site uses structured data (JSON-LD) for enhanced SEO and provides multilingual support (French and English). Performance is moderate, with potential optimization opportunities in script loading and caching. The domain is registered with Nameshield SAS since 1997, reflecting a stable and long-term digital presence. No critical technical debts or risks were identified, though enabling DNSSEC and optimizing third-party script usage could further improve security and performance.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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