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Security report for edition.fi

Tieteellisten seurain valtuuskunta (TSV) · Education · Finland

High risk. 8 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view and Security headers.

Security score

49/100

Risk levelHigh

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Edition.fi is a Finnish academic digital publishing platform hosting monographs and collected works from various Finnish scientific and cultural societies and universities. It serves researchers, academics, and students primarily in Finland, providing open access to scholarly publications. The platform is powered by Open Monograph Press and uses a technology stack including Apache, PHP 7.2, jQuery, and Bootstrap. The website content is primarily in Finnish with language options for English and Swedish, reflecting its target audience. Despite good content relevance and navigation, the site lacks critical security features such as HTTPS and valid SSL certificates, exposing it to potential risks. No privacy or cookie policies are present, and contact information is minimal, which impacts trust and compliance. Overall, the site is functional but requires significant improvements in security and privacy compliance to meet modern standards.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
0/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

8 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing X-Frame-Options header

      Prevents clickjacking attacks

      What to do: Add "X-Frame-Options: DENY" or "X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN"

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching edition.fi

This scan found 20 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

€25per month

  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

Email alerts on material changes and an exportable JSON history of every change.

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
50
Security headers
15
Email security
50
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
0
Average
49

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Edition.fi operates as a niche academic publishing platform affiliated with the Finnish scientific society Tieteellisten seurain valtuuskunta (TSV). Its business model focuses on providing open access to scholarly works from multiple Finnish academic societies and universities, positioning it as a key resource in Finnish academic publishing. The platform's partnerships with numerous Finnish societies enhance its credibility and reach within the academic community. Revenue streams are likely non-commercial or grant-based, focusing on dissemination rather than profit. The multilingual support indicates an intent to reach broader Nordic and international academic audiences. However, the lack of visible business contact information and policies may limit broader institutional engagement and trust.

Security posture

The website's security posture is weak due to the absence of HTTPS and a valid SSL certificate, which is a critical vulnerability exposing users to interception and data tampering risks. The server runs an outdated PHP version (7.2.25) that no longer receives security updates, increasing exposure to known vulnerabilities. DNS security features such as DNSSEC and CAA records are not implemented, and the DMARC policy is set to none, limiting email spoofing protection. No advanced security headers or mechanisms like HSTS, OCSP stapling, or session resumption are enabled. The lack of privacy and cookie policies further indicates poor compliance with GDPR and related regulations. Incident response and security policies are not publicly disclosed, suggesting limited transparency and preparedness. Immediate remediation is required to secure the platform and protect user data.

Recommendations

  1. Implement a valid SSL certificate and enforce HTTPS site-wide to secure data in transit.
  2. Upgrade PHP to a supported, secure version to mitigate known vulnerabilities.
  3. Publish comprehensive privacy and cookie policies to improve GDPR compliance and user trust.
  4. Add security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options.
  5. Enable DNSSEC and configure CAA records to enhance domain security and certificate issuance control.
  6. Improve DMARC policy to quarantine or reject to reduce email spoofing risks.
  7. Provide clear contact information and incident response channels to enhance transparency and user support.
  8. Optimize site performance and mobile responsiveness for better user experience.
  9. Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to maintain a strong security posture.
  10. Develop and publish a security policy framework aligned with recognized standards such as ISO 27001 or NIST.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on Open Monograph Press 3.2.1.2, a specialized CMS for academic publishing, running on Apache 2.4.6 with PHP 7.2.25. Frontend technologies include jQuery, jQuery UI, Font Awesome, Bootstrap, and Popper.js. The site loads external fonts from Google Fonts and icons from CDNJS. Performance metrics indicate no recorded load time or resource count, suggesting incomplete measurement or monitoring. Mobile optimization is basic with viewport meta tag present but no advanced responsive design detected. Accessibility features include skip links and ARIA labels, but overall accessibility is basic. SEO is basic with a page title and meta viewport but lacks Open Graph or structured data markup. Hosting appears to be on a Finnish IP address without DNSSEC or advanced DNS security. The technical stack is functional but outdated in parts, with opportunities for modernization and security hardening.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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