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Security report for bahcesehir.edu.tr

CETEKNO Yazılım ve Medya Ajansı LTD. ŞTİ. · Education · Turkey

Medium risk. 7 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, SSL/TLS and 1 other check.

Security score

53/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi is a prominent private higher education institution based in Turkey, offering a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs, research centers, and international academic collaborations. The university positions itself as a global university with campuses and partnerships across multiple countries. The website reflects a mature digital presence with a professional design, clear navigation, and mobile optimization, supporting a large and diverse audience including students, academics, and international stakeholders. Technically, the site employs modern frameworks such as Bootstrap and integrates advanced analytics and tracking tools like Google Analytics and Facebook Pixel, indicating a data-driven approach to user engagement and marketing. Security posture is strong with HTTPS enforcement and standard security practices, although there is room for improvement in publicly disclosing privacy and cookie policies as well as security policies. Overall, the domain registration and WHOIS data align well with the university's claims, supporting its legitimacy and trustworthiness.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
10/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

7 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      No HTTPS encryption

      GDPR requires appropriate security measures for personal data

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate for HTTPS

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

  2. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • Critical

      No HTTPS Encryption

      Website does not use HTTPS encryption, making all data transmission vulnerable to interception

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate and redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS

  3. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
0
Security headers
60
Email security
85
DNS health
60
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
10
Average
53

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The university operates in the education sector with a large organizational size and a broad international footprint. Its business model focuses on delivering quality education, research, and international exchange programs. The presence of multiple partner domains and international offices highlights a strategic emphasis on global collaboration. The website content and structure suggest a well-established institution with strong branding consistency and trust indicators such as accreditation logos and official social media channels. Revenue streams likely include tuition fees, research grants, and international program fees. The university's market position is reinforced by its rankings and partnerships, making it a competitive player in Turkey's private higher education landscape.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a good security posture with HTTPS enabled, CSRF tokens, and domain verification meta tags for Google and Facebook. The use of asynchronous loading for analytics and tracking scripts reduces performance impact. However, the absence of explicit privacy and cookie policies, terms of service, and incident response contacts represents compliance gaps, especially under GDPR and similar regulations. No vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data were detected in the HTML content. Security headers were not explicitly identified, suggesting an area for enhancement. The university should consider publishing a security policy and vulnerability disclosure information to improve transparency and incident readiness.

Recommendations

  1. Publish a comprehensive privacy policy and cookie policy with clear consent mechanisms to ensure GDPR compliance.
  2. Add a terms of service page outlining user rights and responsibilities.
  3. Implement and publicly disclose a security policy and incident response contact information.
  4. Introduce a security.txt file or vulnerability disclosure program to encourage responsible reporting of security issues.
  5. Enhance HTTP security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and Strict-Transport-Security for improved protection.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Legal name
CETEKNO Yazılım ve Medya Ajansı LTD. ŞTİ.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
CETEKNO Yazılım ve Medya Ajansı LTD. ŞTİ.
Description
İstanbul'un Kalbinde Bir Dünya Üniversitesi!
Key services
Undergraduate and Graduate Education, Research and Application Centers, International Academic Relations and Programs, Student Services and Campus Facilities
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Bootstrap 5.3.2, jQuery 3.3.1, Popper.js 2.11.8, Slick Carousel 1.8.1, Font Awesome 6.5.2, Bootstrap Icons 1.13.1, Google Analytics, Facebook Pixel, Google Tag Manager, Cloudflare Insights
Frameworks
Bootstrap
Performance
moderate
Mobile
excellent
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • CSRF token meta tag present
  • Facebook domain verification
  • Google site verification
  • Use of Google Analytics and Facebook Pixel with async loading
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Google Tag Manager, Facebook Pixel
Tracking level
extensive
Privacy practices
poor

Advertising

Ad networks
Google Ads
Tracking pixels
Facebook Pixel
Marketing tools
Facebook Pixel
Transparency
good

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is professionally designed and well-structured.
  2. Content is rich and relevant to higher education and university services.
  3. No explicit privacy or cookie policies found, which is a compliance gap.
  4. Strong use of modern web technologies and analytics tools.
  5. No visible security vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data.
  6. Multiple external links to official partner and subsidiary domains.
  7. Social media presence is well integrated with official accounts.
  8. No contact emails or phone numbers explicitly provided on the homepage.
  9. No security.txt or vulnerability disclosure information found.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on a modern technology stack including Bootstrap 5, jQuery, Popper.js, and Slick Carousel for UI components and responsiveness. It uses Font Awesome and Bootstrap Icons for visual elements. Analytics and marketing tools such as Google Analytics, Google Tag Manager, and Facebook Pixel are integrated for user tracking and advertising. Hosting appears to be behind Cloudflare, providing CDN and security benefits. Performance is moderate with lazy loading of images and asynchronous script loading. The site is mobile-optimized and accessible with good SEO practices including meta tags and Open Graph data. There is no detected CMS, suggesting a custom or proprietary platform. Opportunities exist to improve security headers and formalize privacy and compliance documentation.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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