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Security report for rotld.ro

INSTITUTUL NAȚIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE ÎN INFORMATICĂ - ICI BUCUREȘTI · Technology · Romania

Medium risk. 7 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view and Security headers.

Security score

62/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

RoTLD is the official Romanian registry authority responsible for managing the .ro country code top-level domain. It provides domain registration, administration, and IP address allocation services primarily targeting Romanian internet users, domain registrants, and partners. The organization operates under the INSTITUTUL NAȚIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE ÎN INFORMATICĂ - ICI BUCUREȘTI, positioning itself as a key national infrastructure entity in the technology sector. The website offers multilingual support, domain WHOIS lookup, and online domain management tools, reflecting a user-focused service model. Technically, the website is built on the Mezzanine CMS platform with Bootstrap and jQuery libraries, served by an nginx web server. While the site performs well with fast load times and good mobile optimization, it lacks modern TLS protocol support and advanced security headers. Cookie consent and privacy policies are implemented, and Google Analytics is used for traffic monitoring, indicating a moderate level of digital maturity. From a security perspective, the site maintains a valid SSL certificate but does not enable TLS 1.2 or 1.3, nor does it implement DNSSEC or CAA records, which are recommended for enhanced domain and certificate security. Security headers are minimal, and no explicit security or incident response policies are published. The site uses HttpOnly cookies and a cookie consent mechanism, supporting basic privacy compliance. Overall, RoTLD demonstrates a solid foundational security posture appropriate for a national domain registry but would benefit from adopting modern security protocols and enhanced DNS security measures. Strategic improvements in security headers, TLS configuration, and transparency around security policies would strengthen trust and resilience against emerging threats.

Scanned

This is an earlier scan of rotld.ro. View the latest report

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
0/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

7 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

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Keep watching rotld.ro

This scan found 20 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
75
Security headers
30
Email security
80
DNS health
85
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
0
Average
62

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

RoTLD holds a critical market position as the official registry for Romania's .ro domains, serving a niche but essential segment of the internet infrastructure market. Its business model revolves around domain registration and management services, supported by partnerships such as lir.ro for IP address allocation. The organization targets domain registrants, registrars, and internet users within Romania, leveraging its authoritative status to maintain exclusivity and trust. Revenue streams likely include domain registration fees and related services. The website content and service offerings indicate a medium-sized entity with a focus on reliability and regulatory compliance. The partnership ecosystem is limited but strategic, emphasizing national infrastructure collaboration. Growth indicators are not explicit but the presence of online tools and multilingual support suggests ongoing digital engagement efforts.

Security posture

The current security maturity level of RoTLD is moderate. The site benefits from a valid SSL certificate issued by a trusted CA and employs HttpOnly cookies and a cookie consent mechanism, supporting privacy compliance. However, the absence of modern TLS protocols (TLS 1.2/1.3), lack of DNSSEC and CAA records, and minimal security headers expose the site to potential risks such as downgrade attacks and certificate mis-issuance. No published security policy or incident response procedures reduce transparency and preparedness perception. GDPR compliance is supported by privacy and cookie policies, but no data protection officer contact was found. The use of Google Analytics introduces moderate user tracking, which is managed with basic privacy controls. Overall, the security posture is adequate but requires enhancements to meet higher assurance levels expected for critical national infrastructure.

Recommendations

  1. Enable TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.3 protocols to improve encryption security and compatibility.
  2. Implement DNSSEC and CAA DNS records to enhance domain name system security and certificate issuance control.
  3. Add comprehensive security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Content-Type-Options, and Referrer-Policy.
  4. Publish a detailed security policy and incident response plan to improve transparency and readiness.
  5. Enhance privacy compliance by appointing and publishing Data Protection Officer contact information.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Legal name
INSTITUTUL NAȚIONAL DE CERCETARE-DEZVOLTARE ÎN INFORMATICĂ - ICI BUCUREȘTI
Technical notes

Notes

The website infrastructure is based on nginx web server hosting a Mezzanine CMS platform with Bootstrap and jQuery frontend frameworks. The SSL certificate is valid but the server does not support modern TLS versions, limiting secure communication capabilities. Performance metrics indicate fast load times, and the site is optimized for mobile devices with responsive design. Accessibility is basic, with room for improvement in semantic markup and ARIA roles. SEO optimization is basic, with minimal metadata and no Open Graph or JSON-LD structured data detected. The use of Google Analytics provides traffic insights but introduces moderate user tracking. Overall, the technical stack is stable but shows signs of legacy components and missed opportunities for modernization and enhanced security.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 65/100Medium31 findingsView report
  2. 65/100Medium31 findingsView report
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