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Security report for wallonia.be

Wallonia · Government · Belgium

Medium risk. 9 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Security headers and 2 other checks.

Security score

60/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Wallonia.be is the official regional government website for Wallonia, Belgium, providing comprehensive information and services related to living, investing, studying, visiting, and buying products from the region. The site targets a broad international audience including potential investors, students, tourists, and residents. The business model is governmental promotion and information dissemination, positioning Wallonia as an attractive region in Europe. Technically, the site is built on Drupal CMS with modern frontend technologies such as Bootstrap and jQuery, and integrates Google Analytics and Tag Manager for tracking. The website is mobile optimized and provides a good user experience with clear navigation and professional design. Security posture is solid with HTTPS enforced and use of reCAPTCHA, but lacks some security headers and published security policies. Privacy compliance is basic but includes cookie consent and a privacy policy consistent with GDPR. WHOIS data is unavailable due to registry restrictions, which slightly impacts trust but the official nature of the site and consistent branding mitigate concerns. Overall, the site is trustworthy, professional, and well-maintained.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
10/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

9 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching wallonia.be

This scan found 23 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
62
Security headers
40
Email security
80
DNS health
70
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
10
Average
60

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Wallonia.be serves as a governmental platform promoting the Wallonia region, focusing on sectors such as tourism, education, investment, and cultural promotion. It leverages partnerships with regional agencies like AWEX and WBI to enhance its reach. The site supports an ambassador program to extend its influence internationally. The business model relies on public sector funding and regional development initiatives. The target audience includes international investors, students, tourists, and local residents. The website's content and services reflect a strategic approach to regional branding and economic development. The presence of multiple social media channels and partner links indicates an integrated marketing and communication strategy.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a moderate to good security posture with mandatory HTTPS and integration of Google reCAPTCHA to protect forms. However, it lacks explicit security headers such as Content-Security-Policy and X-Frame-Options, which are recommended to mitigate common web attacks. There is no publicly available security policy or incident response contact information, which limits transparency and preparedness perception. No vulnerability disclosure or security.txt files are present, reducing avenues for responsible vulnerability reporting. No exposed sensitive data or vulnerable libraries were detected in the HTML content. Overall, the site is secure for general use but could improve in transparency and defense-in-depth measures.

Recommendations

  1. Implement standard security headers including Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-XSS-Protection to enhance browser security.
  2. Publish a clear security policy and incident response contact information on the website to improve transparency and readiness.
  3. Create and maintain a vulnerability disclosure program or security.txt file to facilitate responsible reporting of security issues.
  4. Enhance accessibility features to meet higher standards and improve usability for all users.
  5. Regularly audit and update third-party libraries and dependencies to mitigate potential vulnerabilities.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Wallonia
Description
Official regional website promoting Wallonia, a region in Belgium, providing information on living, investing, studying, visiting, and buying Walloon products.
Key services
Information on living in Wallonia, Investment opportunities, Educational offerings, Tourism and visiting, Buying Walloon products, Ambassador program
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
jQuery, Bootstrap 4.5.0, Swiper.js, Google Analytics, Google Tag Manager, Google reCAPTCHA, Drupal CMS, Colorbox
Frameworks
Drupal
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
basic
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
80/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Use of Google reCAPTCHA for forms
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Google Tag Manager
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
basic

Advertising

Marketing tools
AddEvent
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with rich content in French language.
  2. No WAF or security blocking detected.
  3. WHOIS data is unavailable due to registry restrictions.
  4. Website uses modern web technologies and analytics.
  5. Privacy and cookie policies are present and GDPR compliant.
  6. No direct company contact emails or phone numbers found; contact via web form.
  7. Social media presence on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube.
  8. No explicit security policy or incident response information published.
  9. No vulnerability disclosure or security.txt found.
  10. Content is safe and suitable for general audiences.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on Drupal CMS, utilizing jQuery, Bootstrap 4.5.0, Swiper.js for sliders, and Colorbox for modal dialogs. It integrates Google Analytics and Google Tag Manager for analytics and tracking, and uses Google reCAPTCHA for form protection. The site loads external CSS and JS from reputable CDNs, ensuring performance and reliability. Mobile optimization is good with responsive design and viewport meta tags. SEO is supported by proper meta tags and structured navigation. Performance is moderate, with some potential for optimization in script loading and caching. The site does not expose sensitive data in the HTML and uses HTTPS exclusively. Hosting provider details are not explicitly found. Overall, the technical infrastructure is modern and well-implemented with room for security and performance enhancements.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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