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Security report for va.gov

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs · Government · United States

Medium risk. 4 critical or high findings in SSL/TLS, Security headers and 1 other check.

Security score

61/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs operates VA.gov as the official digital portal for Veterans, service members, and their families to access a wide range of benefits and health care services. The website serves as a comprehensive resource for applying, managing, and learning about VA benefits including health care, disability compensation, education, employment, housing, life insurance, and burial services. It holds a strong market position as the primary federal agency website dedicated to Veterans affairs. Technically, VA.gov employs modern web technologies including JavaScript, Web Components, and Google Tag Manager, hosted on AWS infrastructure. The site is built on Drupal CMS and follows the U.S. Web Design System (USWDS) for accessibility and responsive design, delivering excellent performance and user experience across devices. SEO and accessibility are well implemented, with clear navigation and professional branding. From a security perspective, the site enforces HTTPS with strong SSL configuration and uses security best practices such as nonce attributes in scripts and privacy policy transparency. However, it lacks an explicit cookie consent mechanism and a published vulnerability disclosure or security.txt file. Incident response contact details are not explicitly provided. Overall, the security posture is strong but could be improved with these additions. The website is highly trustworthy, with consistent WHOIS data confirming its legitimacy as a U.S. government domain. It contains no adult or questionable content and targets a general audience of Veterans and related stakeholders. The site integrates analytics and feedback tools responsibly, maintaining good privacy compliance. Strategically, VA.gov is a critical government digital service with excellent content quality and technical maturity. Enhancements in privacy consent and vulnerability disclosure would further strengthen user trust and compliance.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
53/ 100 · Medium
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

4 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • Critical

      Unable to retrieve SSL certificate

      Could not establish secure connection to retrieve certificate information

      What to do: Check if the server is accessible and SSL/TLS is properly configured

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…
  3. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching va.gov

This scan found 16 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
0
Security headers
45
Email security
82
DNS health
85
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
53
Average
61

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Breach exposure

Leaked credentials and lookalike domains from OffSeq Breach. The counts are free; the detailed lists are paid add-ons.

Dark web exposure

Add-on

Leaked records that mention va.gov, from OffSeq Breach.

Total records
46,796
Employees
25
Customers
45,213
Third parties
1,558
Weak passwords
7%

See the 10 newest leaked credentials

A one-off add-on to this report that lists the most recent identifier and password pairs OffSeq Breach holds for va.gov.

Select it in the checkout above.

Breach keeps ingesting new leaks, so these numbers can grow between scans.

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

VA.gov is positioned as the authoritative government portal for Veterans benefits and services, leveraging its .gov domain and official branding to establish trust. Its business model is service-oriented, focusing on delivering government benefits and information rather than commercial revenue. The site supports a broad target audience including Veterans, service members, families, and caregivers. The partnership ecosystem includes other government agencies and resources such as the Department of Labor and National Archives. The site’s comprehensive service offerings and integration with crisis support lines demonstrate a mature and well-coordinated government digital presence. Competitive advantages include official status, extensive content coverage, and strong accessibility compliance. The site’s use of modern technologies and analytics supports continuous improvement and user engagement. Growth indicators include ongoing updates, mobile app promotion, and outreach events. The absence of commercial advertising and affiliate programs aligns with its government mission.

Security posture

VA.gov exhibits a mature security posture with mandatory HTTPS, strong SSL configuration, and use of security best practices such as script nonces and privacy policy transparency. The site avoids exposing sensitive data in HTML and integrates accessibility and privacy links prominently. However, the lack of an explicit cookie consent mechanism and absence of a published vulnerability disclosure or security.txt file represent compliance gaps. Incident response contact information is not clearly provided, which could hinder timely reporting of security issues. No vulnerabilities or suspicious domains were detected in the content. Analytics and tracking are implemented responsibly with government-approved tools. Overall, the site demonstrates a strong security culture appropriate for a federal government service but could improve transparency and user control over data collection.

Recommendations

  1. Implement a clear cookie consent banner/mechanism to comply with privacy regulations and enhance user trust.
  2. Publish a vulnerability disclosure policy or security.txt file to facilitate responsible reporting of security issues.
  3. Provide explicit incident response contact information (e.g., security@va.gov or abuse@va.gov) on the website.
  4. Regularly review and update privacy and security policies to maintain compliance with evolving regulations such as GDPR and NIS2.
  5. Enhance user education on data protection and privacy practices through visible notices and accessible resources.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
Description
Official website of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs providing information and access to VA benefits and health care services for Veterans, service members, and their families.
Key services
Health care benefits, Disability claims, Education and training benefits, Careers and employment support, Pension benefits, Housing assistance, Life insurance, Burials and memorials, Records management
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
JavaScript, Google Tag Manager, Web Components, Polyfills, AWS S3 hosting for assets
Frameworks
USWDS (U.S. Web Design System)
Performance
fast
Mobile
excellent
Accessibility
excellent
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
90/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Secure cookies (implied)
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Use of nonce attributes in scripts
  • Accessibility and privacy links prominently displayed

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Digital Analytics Program
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Digital Analytics Program (dap.digitalgov.gov)
Marketing tools
Medallia feedback system
Transparency
good

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Official U.S. government website with .gov domain
  2. Comprehensive VA benefits and services information
  3. Strong accessibility and mobile optimization
  4. Use of modern web technologies and analytics
  5. No signs of malicious or suspicious content
  6. No explicit privacy or cookie consent banner detected
  7. No visible vulnerability disclosure or security.txt
  8. Clear contact phone numbers and crisis line prominently displayed
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on Drupal CMS with a modern front-end leveraging Web Components and polyfills for broad browser support. Hosting assets on AWS S3 buckets ensures scalability and reliability. The use of Google Tag Manager and Digital Analytics Program scripts enables comprehensive analytics and event tracking. The site is optimized for mobile devices and accessibility, following USWDS guidelines. Performance is fast with preloading of fonts and asynchronous script loading. Technical debt appears minimal, with opportunities to further modernize by adopting newer JavaScript frameworks or improving cookie consent management. Overall, the technical infrastructure supports a robust and user-friendly digital experience aligned with government standards.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 77/100 +2Low25 findingsView report
  2. 75/100 +2Medium26 findingsView report
  3. 73/100Medium22 findingsView report
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