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Security report for unoosa.org

United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs · Government · Austria

High risk. 7 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, SSL/TLS and 1 other check.

Security score

46/100

Risk levelHigh

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) operates as a key UN entity facilitating international cooperation in peaceful space activities, space law, and capacity building. It serves a global audience including member states, space agencies, academia, and industry. The website reflects a mature and consistent brand aligned with UN standards, offering comprehensive information on space policy, events, and programs. Technically, the site uses a legacy tech stack with Apache, jQuery, and Bootstrap, but suffers from slow performance and basic mobile optimization. Security posture is weak due to the absence of a valid SSL certificate and lack of modern TLS protocols, exposing users to risks. Privacy compliance is minimal, lacking cookie consent mechanisms and GDPR indicators. Contact information and social media presence are well established, enhancing business credibility. Overall, the site is authoritative but requires urgent security and privacy improvements.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
0/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

7 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      No HTTPS encryption

      GDPR requires appropriate security measures for personal data

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate for HTTPS

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

  2. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • Critical

      No HTTPS Encryption

      Website does not use HTTPS encryption, making all data transmission vulnerable to interception

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate and redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS

  3. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
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  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
0
Security headers
45
Email security
50
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
0
Average
46

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

UNOOSA holds a strong market position as the UN's official office for outer space affairs, providing essential services such as COPUOS secretariat support, space law development, and capacity building. Its business model is non-commercial, focusing on governance, education, and international cooperation. The organization benefits from UN affiliation, a mature domain, and a global partnership ecosystem. Growth indicators include active event scheduling and publication releases. The website supports these efforts but could improve digital maturity and user engagement through technical upgrades.

Security posture

The current security maturity is low due to the lack of HTTPS and modern TLS support, which is a critical vulnerability. While some security headers like X-Frame-Options and HSTS are present, the absence of a valid SSL certificate and OCSP stapling weakens trust and exposes the site to interception risks. No incident response or vulnerability disclosure information is provided, indicating limited transparency in security management. Compliance gaps exist in privacy and cookie policies. The organization should prioritize SSL deployment, enhance security headers, and establish clear incident response channels to improve resilience and trust.

Recommendations

  1. Deploy and maintain a valid SSL/TLS certificate to enable HTTPS across the entire site.
  2. Implement modern TLS protocols (TLS 1.2 or 1.3) and enable OCSP stapling and session resumption.
  3. Add a comprehensive cookie policy and consent mechanism to comply with GDPR and privacy regulations.
  4. Publish a security policy and incident response contact information to enhance transparency and trust.
  5. Optimize website performance and mobile responsiveness to improve user experience and accessibility.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Legal name
United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs
Technical notes

Notes

The website runs on Apache with a legacy front-end stack including jQuery 1.8.2 and Bootstrap 3.2.0, indicating potential technical debt. Performance metrics are missing or zero, suggesting slow load times or lack of monitoring. The site uses Google Tag Manager for analytics but lacks advanced SEO and accessibility features. Hosting appears to be managed by UN Vienna infrastructure. There is opportunity for modernization by upgrading libraries, improving SSL/TLS configuration, and enhancing front-end responsiveness and accessibility.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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