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Security report for unfccc.int

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) · Government · N/a

Medium risk. 8 critical or high findings in Security headers, GDPR outside view and 1 other check.

Security score

66/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The UNFCCC website serves as the official digital platform for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, providing extensive resources, documentation, and updates on global climate action initiatives. It holds a strong market position as a leading international governmental and non-profit entity facilitating climate negotiations and transparency. The technical infrastructure is modern, leveraging Drupal CMS, Microsoft Azure hosting, and various analytics tools, ensuring good performance and mobile optimization. Security posture is solid with HTTPS and anonymized analytics, though explicit security headers and privacy policies could be enhanced. Overall, the site is professional, trustworthy, and content-rich, supporting a global audience of policymakers and stakeholders.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
35/ 100 · High
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

8 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing X-Frame-Options header

      Prevents clickjacking attacks

      What to do: Add "X-Frame-Options: DENY" or "X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN"

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching unfccc.int

This scan found 21 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
54
Security headers
35
Email security
85
DNS health
85
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
35
Average
66

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

UNFCCC operates as a non-profit international treaty secretariat with a focus on climate change governance. Its business model centers on providing authoritative information, facilitating international conferences, and maintaining multiple climate-related platforms and portals. The organization targets governments, NGOs, researchers, and the public interested in climate policy. The website reflects a mature digital presence with strategic partnerships to other UN and climate platforms. Growth indicators include active updates and comprehensive document repositories. The partnership ecosystem is robust, linking to various UN and climate-specific domains.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a mature security posture with enforced HTTPS, anonymized IP tracking, and use of reputable third-party analytics. However, the absence of explicit security headers and a security.txt file indicates room for improvement in security best practices. No vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data were detected in the analyzed content. Incident response contact information is not publicly visible, which could hinder timely reporting of security issues. Compliance with GDPR and other privacy regulations is partial, lacking visible privacy and cookie policies.

Recommendations

  1. Publish a clear and comprehensive privacy policy and cookie consent mechanism to improve privacy compliance.
  2. Implement and verify security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options.
  3. Add a security.txt file to facilitate vulnerability disclosure and incident reporting.
  4. Provide visible and dedicated contact information for security incidents and general inquiries.
  5. Regularly audit third-party scripts and analytics tools to ensure no vulnerabilities or privacy risks.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
Description
UNFCCC is an international environmental treaty secretariat focused on climate change action, facilitating global cooperation through conferences, protocols, and agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement.
Key services
Hosting and managing climate change conferences (e.g., COP 30), Providing access to climate-related documents and decisions, Maintaining platforms and portals for climate data and reporting, Facilitating transparency and reporting mechanisms, Capacity-building and stakeholder engagement
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Drupal CMS, Google Analytics, Microsoft Azure DNS, OneSignal (push notifications), Hotjar (user behavior analytics), YouTube embedded videos
Frameworks
Drupal
Platforms
Microsoft Azure
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Anonymize IP in Google Analytics
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Use of secure external libraries

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Microsoft Clarity, Hotjar
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
basic

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Microsoft Clarity, Hotjar
Marketing tools
OneSignal
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is an official UN treaty secretariat site focused on climate change.
  2. Content is comprehensive, well-structured, and professionally maintained.
  3. No direct contact emails or phone numbers found in the HTML content.
  4. No explicit privacy, cookie, or terms of service policies detected in the provided content.
  5. Uses modern web technologies and analytics tools with some privacy considerations (IP anonymization).
  6. No security.txt or vulnerability disclosure information found.
  7. No signs of WAF blocking or content restrictions.
  8. External links mostly to official UN or related climate platforms.
  9. No suspicious or malicious content detected.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on Drupal CMS hosted on Microsoft Azure, utilizing modern web technologies including asynchronous JavaScript loading and responsive design. Performance is moderate with good mobile optimization and accessibility features. SEO is supported by proper meta tags and canonical links. The use of multiple analytics and tracking services is balanced with some privacy considerations. Technical debt appears low, but explicit security headers and privacy mechanisms should be enhanced to meet best practices and compliance standards.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 70/100Medium25 findingsView report
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