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Security report for seu-e.cat

Consorci Administració Oberta De Catalunya · Government · Spain

Medium risk. 7 critical or high findings in Security headers and GDPR outside view.

Security score

58/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

EACAT is a mature government-operated digital platform serving the Catalan public administrations by providing electronic administration services and facilitating inter-administrative communication. The platform targets public sector entities within Catalonia and has been operational for over 15 years, reflecting a stable market position within the regional government sector. The website content and branding are consistent with official government services, supported by domain registration details matching the registrant organization and country. Technically, the website employs legacy JavaScript libraries such as jQuery 1.8.2 and Modernizr 2.6.2, with backend technologies based on Microsoft Visual Studio .NET and C#. Hosting is via Amazon AWS DNS infrastructure. Performance is suboptimal with a slow load time and large page size. Mobile optimization and accessibility are basic, and SEO practices are minimal. The site lacks a CMS and uses custom-built code. From a security perspective, the site has critical deficiencies including the absence of a valid SSL/TLS certificate, no HTTPS support, and no security headers. DNS records show valid SPF and DMARC configurations, but CAA records are malformed. No incident response or security policy information is provided. Sensitive login forms transmit credentials without encryption, posing significant risk. Privacy compliance is weak, with no cookie consent mechanism despite use of tracking scripts like Google Tag Manager and Lucky Orange. Overall, the website presents moderate business credibility as a government service but suffers from critical security and privacy shortcomings. Immediate remediation of SSL/TLS configuration and implementation of security best practices is essential to protect user data and maintain trust. Enhancing privacy compliance and modernizing technical infrastructure would further improve the platform's digital maturity and user experience.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
25/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

7 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing X-Frame-Options header

      Prevents clickjacking attacks

      What to do: Add "X-Frame-Options: DENY" or "X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN"

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching seu-e.cat

This scan found 25 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
75
Security headers
15
Email security
60
DNS health
70
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
25
Average
58

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

EACAT operates as a government service platform under the Consorci Administració Oberta De Catalunya, targeting public administrations in Catalonia. Its business model focuses on providing electronic administration and inter-administrative communication services. The platform benefits from a long operational history and official government backing, positioning it as a key regional digital service. Revenue streams are likely public funding based. The partnership ecosystem includes regional government bodies such as Generalitat de Catalunya and Localret. Growth indicators are stable but modernization opportunities exist. The platform's operations emphasize secure authentication and service accessibility for public sector users.

Security posture

The current security posture is weak due to the lack of HTTPS and valid SSL certificates, exposing users to data interception risks. The absence of security headers and HSTS further reduces protection against common web attacks. DNS security is partially implemented with SPF and DMARC but flawed CAA records. No visible incident response or vulnerability disclosure policies exist. The platform collects sensitive user credentials via forms without encryption, a critical vulnerability. Privacy compliance is inadequate given tracking scripts without consent mechanisms. Overall, the security maturity is low, requiring urgent improvements to safeguard user data and comply with regulations such as GDPR and NIS2.

Recommendations

  1. Deploy and maintain a valid SSL/TLS certificate to enable HTTPS across the entire site, especially login forms.
  2. Implement HTTP security headers including Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options.
  3. Correct and validate DNS CAA records to ensure proper certificate authority restrictions.
  4. Introduce a cookie consent banner and privacy policy updates to comply with GDPR requirements.
  5. Develop and publish a security policy and incident response plan with clear contact channels.
  6. Upgrade JavaScript libraries and frameworks to supported modern versions to reduce vulnerabilities.
  7. Optimize website performance and mobile responsiveness to improve user experience and accessibility.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built using legacy frontend technologies including jQuery 1.8.2 and Modernizr 2.6.2, with backend development in C# using Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 7.1. Hosting DNS is managed via Amazon AWS nameservers. The site lacks a CMS and appears custom-developed. Performance metrics indicate slow load times and large page size, suggesting optimization opportunities. SEO is minimal with no Open Graph or JSON-LD structured data detected. Accessibility features are basic. Security infrastructure is insufficient with no HTTPS and missing security headers. Tracking scripts from Google Tag Manager and Lucky Orange are present without user consent mechanisms, indicating privacy compliance gaps.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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