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Security report for praha.eu

Hlavní město Praha (Capital City of Prague) · Government · Czech Republic

Medium risk. 7 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Security headers and 1 other check.

Security score

62/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The website praha.eu serves as the official digital portal for the Capital City of Prague, providing comprehensive information and services related to city administration, public services, transport, culture, and citizen engagement. It targets residents, visitors, and businesses, positioning itself as the authoritative source for municipal information. The portal leverages modern web technologies including React and Liferay CMS, ensuring a robust and scalable infrastructure. The site is well-optimized for mobile and accessibility, with clear navigation and professional design. Security posture is strong with HTTPS enforcement, security headers, and privacy compliance including GDPR and cookie consent mechanisms. No critical vulnerabilities or security issues were detected, and WHOIS data confirms domain legitimacy and transparency. Overall, the site demonstrates a mature digital presence suitable for a large government entity.

Scanned

This is an earlier scan of praha.eu. View the latest report

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
25/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

7 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching praha.eu

This scan found 24 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

€25per month

  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
62
Security headers
45
Email security
60
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
25
Average
62

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Praha.eu operates as a government essential entity, providing a broad range of public services and information to its constituents. Its market position is that of the primary official portal for Prague city government, with partnerships linking to key municipal organizations such as public transport and city services. The business model is non-commercial, focused on public service delivery and citizen engagement. The portal's extensive content and service offerings indicate a large-scale operation with significant digital maturity. The presence of multiple official partner domains and external links reflects a well-integrated ecosystem supporting city functions. The site’s content and structure support diverse user needs from administrative tasks to cultural activities, indicating a comprehensive approach to municipal digital services.

Security posture

The security posture of praha.eu is robust, with HTTPS enforced and multiple security headers implemented to protect against common web vulnerabilities. The site uses a content security policy and has mechanisms for cookie consent, aligning with GDPR requirements. No exposed sensitive data or vulnerable third-party libraries were identified in the analysis. However, the absence of a publicly available security policy or incident response contact limits transparency in security governance. The site would benefit from publishing a vulnerability disclosure policy or security.txt file to encourage responsible reporting of security issues. Overall, the site maintains a secure environment appropriate for a government portal, with room for improvement in security communication and incident management.

Recommendations

  1. Publish a dedicated security policy page outlining security practices and commitments.
  2. Provide explicit incident response contact information, such as a security@ or abuse@ email address.
  3. Implement and publish a vulnerability disclosure policy or security.txt file to facilitate responsible vulnerability reporting.
  4. Regularly audit and update third-party libraries to mitigate potential vulnerabilities.
  5. Enhance form input validation and sanitization to prevent injection attacks and data leaks.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Hlavní město Praha (Capital City of Prague)
Description
Official portal of the Capital City of Prague providing information about city administration, services, culture, transport, and public affairs.
Key services
City administration information, Public services and electronic services, Transport and mobility information, Cultural and tourism information, Contact and support for city departments
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
JavaScript ES6 modules, React, Formik, YUI 3, Liferay Portal, jQuery, Slick Carousel, Pikaday datepicker, Tobii lightbox, SlimSelect
Frameworks
Liferay, React
Platforms
Liferay Portal
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Content Security Policy present
  • Cookie consent mechanism implemented
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML

Analytics and tracking

Services
Plausible Analytics
Tracking level
minimal
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Plausible Analytics
Transparency
good

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is a comprehensive official portal for the city of Prague.
  2. Content is rich, well-structured, and professionally maintained.
  3. Strong use of modern web technologies and frameworks.
  4. Good privacy and cookie compliance with visible consent mechanisms.
  5. No signs of security blocking or WAF interference.
  6. No exposed sensitive data or obvious vulnerabilities detected.
  7. WHOIS data supports legitimacy and transparency.
  8. Multiple external links to official city organizations and services.
  9. No advertising or affiliate marketing detected.
  10. Minimal user tracking with privacy-respecting analytics.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on the Liferay Portal platform with React and several modern JavaScript libraries, indicating a contemporary and modular architecture. The use of ES6 modules and import maps shows adoption of modern frontend development practices. Performance is moderate, with combined and minified assets served via combo URLs, improving load times. Mobile optimization and accessibility are well addressed, with responsive design and ARIA labels present. SEO is supported by proper meta tags and Open Graph data. The site uses a mix of legacy YUI components and modern React modules, suggesting ongoing modernization. Hosting is via a Czech registrar Webglobe, s.r.o., consistent with the geographic focus. Overall, the technical infrastructure is solid, though some legacy components could be updated for improved maintainability and performance.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 63/100Medium31 findingsView report
  2. 63/100Medium31 findingsView report
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