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Security report for praha.eu

Hlavní město Praha (City of Prague) · Government · Czech Republic

Medium risk. 7 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Security headers and 1 other check.

Security score

63/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The website praha.eu serves as the official portal for the City of Prague, providing a comprehensive range of information and services related to city administration, public transport, culture, and living in Prague. It targets residents, visitors, and businesses, positioning itself as the primary digital gateway for municipal services and information. The portal is well-structured with clear navigation and multilingual support, reflecting a mature digital presence for a large government entity. Technically, the site leverages modern web technologies including React and the Liferay Portal CMS platform, combined with various JavaScript libraries to enhance user experience. The site is mobile-optimized and implements accessibility best practices, ensuring broad usability. Performance is moderate, with combined and minified resources served efficiently. From a security perspective, the site enforces HTTPS and employs cookie consent mechanisms aligned with GDPR requirements. While explicit security headers are not fully visible in the HTML, the overall posture is solid with no exposed sensitive data or vulnerable components detected. The absence of a published security policy or incident response contact suggests room for improvement in transparency and readiness. Overall, praha.eu demonstrates a high level of professionalism, trustworthiness, and compliance appropriate for a government portal. Strategic recommendations include enhancing security header implementation, publishing a formal security policy, and establishing a vulnerability disclosure process to further strengthen security and trust.

Scanned

This is an earlier scan of praha.eu. View the latest report

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
25/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

7 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching praha.eu

This scan found 23 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

€25per month

  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

Email alerts on material changes and an exportable JSON history of every change.

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
67
Security headers
45
Email security
60
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
25
Average
63

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Praha.eu operates as the official digital presence of the City of Prague, serving a broad audience including residents, tourists, and businesses. Its market position is that of a central government portal, providing authoritative information and services. The business model is public service oriented, funded and operated by municipal authorities. Key services include city administration details, public transport information, electronic services, and cultural event listings. The portal integrates with multiple partner organizations such as Prague's public transport company and municipal organizations, forming a robust ecosystem. The site’s content and structure indicate a mature, large-scale operation with consistent branding and strong trust signals, supporting the city’s digital governance and citizen engagement strategies.

Security posture

The security posture of praha.eu is generally strong, with mandatory HTTPS enforced and cookie consent mechanisms in place. The site avoids exposing sensitive information in its HTML and uses modern JavaScript frameworks that support secure coding practices. However, explicit security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options are not clearly present, representing an area for enhancement. The lack of a published security policy or incident response contact limits transparency and may impact incident handling efficiency. No vulnerabilities or outdated libraries were detected in the provided content. Overall, the site aligns well with GDPR compliance but would benefit from formalizing security governance and vulnerability disclosure processes.

Recommendations

  1. Implement and enforce comprehensive security headers including CSP, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options.
  2. Publish a dedicated security policy page outlining security practices and compliance.
  3. Establish and publicize an incident response contact or security@ email for vulnerability reporting.
  4. Add a security.txt file at the root domain to facilitate responsible vulnerability disclosure.
  5. Regularly audit and update third-party libraries to mitigate potential vulnerabilities.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Hlavní město Praha (City of Prague)
Description
Official portal of the City of Prague providing information about city administration, services, transport, culture, and living in Prague.
Key services
City administration information, Public transport information, Electronic services, Contact directories, Tourism and cultural information
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
JavaScript ES Modules, React, Liferay Portal, AUI (Alloy UI), jQuery, Pikaday (date picker), Slick carousel, SlimSelect, Tobii (lightbox), FontAwesome
Frameworks
Liferay, React
Platforms
Liferay Portal CMS
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
80/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Cookie consent mechanism implemented
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Use of modern JS frameworks with module loading

Analytics and tracking

Services
Plausible Analytics
Tracking level
minimal
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Plausible Analytics
Marketing tools
Zendesk Widget
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Official city government portal with comprehensive content
  2. Good use of modern web technologies and frameworks
  3. Strong navigation structure with desktop and mobile menus
  4. Cookie consent and GDPR compliance evident
  5. No visible security or content blocking issues
  6. Multiple external links to official city organizations and services
  7. No exposed emails or phone numbers directly in HTML; contact via contact pages/forms
  8. Use of reputable analytics and support tools (Plausible, Zendesk)
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on the Liferay Portal CMS platform, utilizing React and various JavaScript libraries such as jQuery, Pikaday, and SlimSelect to enhance interactivity and user experience. The site employs module loading and resource combination for performance optimization. It is mobile responsive with good accessibility features and SEO optimization including meta tags and Open Graph data. Hosting is managed through a Czech registrar, Webglobe, s.r.o., consistent with the site’s geographic and organizational context. Performance is moderate, with room for improvement in loading speed and resource optimization. The technical stack is modern and well-maintained, supporting a large-scale government portal with complex navigation and multilingual content.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 63/100 +1Medium31 findingsView report
  2. 62/100Medium32 findingsView report
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