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Security report for kloten.ch

Stadt Kloten · Government · Switzerland

Medium risk. 5 critical or high findings in Security headers, GDPR outside view and 1 other check.

Security score

63/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The Stadt Kloten website serves as the official digital portal for the municipality of Kloten, Switzerland. It provides comprehensive information and services to residents, businesses, and visitors, including online administrative services, event listings, political information, and community resources. The site targets a broad audience within the local community and supports multiple languages to accommodate diverse users. The business model is that of a government entity focused on public service delivery and community engagement. Technically, the website employs modern web technologies such as Bootstrap for responsive design, Matomo for privacy-conscious analytics, and a modular JavaScript approach. The site is mobile-optimized and accessible, with clear navigation and structured content. Hosting appears to be local or regional, supporting good performance and reliability. From a security perspective, the site enforces HTTPS, includes several security headers, and encourages multi-factor authentication for user accounts. No critical vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data were detected. However, the absence of a cookie consent mechanism and a dedicated security or incident response policy page are areas for improvement to enhance compliance and transparency. Overall, the website presents a trustworthy and professional face for the city of Kloten, with strong business credibility and a solid technical foundation. Strategic enhancements in privacy compliance and security policy transparency would further strengthen its posture and user trust.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
53/ 100 · Medium
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

5 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

  3. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • High

      Weak Protocols Supported

      Server supports weak protocols: TLSv1.1

      What to do: Disable TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and all SSL versions

      • CWE-327
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V12.1.1
    • High

      Weak SSL Key Length

      SSL certificate uses 384-bit key, which is considered weak

      What to do: Use at least 2048-bit RSA or 256-bit ECC key

      • CWE-326
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • Mozilla TLS: Mozilla Server Side TLS 6.0 intermediate: rsa_key_size 2048

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching kloten.ch

This scan found 26 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

€25per month

  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

Email alerts on material changes and an exportable JSON history of every change.

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
42
Security headers
40
Email security
63
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
53
Average
63

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Stadt Kloten holds a stable position as the municipal government authority, providing essential public services and information to its community. Its competitive advantage lies in comprehensive digital service offerings, multi-language support, and integration of community engagement tools such as event publishing and idea submission platforms. Revenue streams are typical of government entities, funded by public budgets rather than commercial sales. The target customer segments include residents, local businesses, and visitors. Growth indicators include digital service expansion and community participation initiatives. Partnerships with local organizations and service providers are evident through linked domains and service references. The operations reflect a mature municipal digital presence with ongoing modernization efforts.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a mature security posture with enforced HTTPS, use of security headers, and secure login mechanisms including MFA recommendations. No signs of malware, phishing, or exposed credentials were found. The use of Matomo analytics aligns with privacy-conscious data collection. However, the lack of a published security policy or incident response contact limits transparency and readiness communication. The absence of a security.txt file and cookie consent banner are minor compliance gaps. Overall, the site is secure for its purpose but would benefit from formalizing and publishing security governance documents to enhance user trust and regulatory compliance.

Recommendations

  1. Implement a visible cookie consent banner to comply with EU and Swiss privacy regulations.
  2. Publish a dedicated security policy and incident response page detailing procedures and contacts.
  3. Add a security.txt file at the root domain to facilitate vulnerability reporting.
  4. Review and enhance Content-Security-Policy headers to mitigate potential script injection risks.
  5. Regularly audit third-party scripts and dependencies for vulnerabilities and update accordingly.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Stadt Kloten
Description
Official website of the city of Kloten providing information about the municipality, services, politics, events, and local administration.
Key services
Online-Schalter (Online services), Citizen services (Einwohnerservice), Event organization and publication, Information on politics, taxes, social services, Integration and education services, Public safety and emergency contacts
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Matomo Analytics, Bootstrap Carousel, Owl Carousel, JavaScript ES Modules, CSS3, HTML5
Frameworks
Bootstrap
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Login form with MFA recommendation
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Use of tokens in search forms

Analytics and tracking

Services
Matomo
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Matomo
Marketing tools
Matomo Analytics
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is a well-structured municipal government portal
  2. Multi-language support for diverse community
  3. Comprehensive citizen services and event information
  4. Secure login with MFA recommendation
  5. No signs of malicious or suspicious content
  6. No cookie consent banner detected, which may affect compliance
  7. Use of Matomo analytics indicates privacy-conscious tracking
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on a modern tech stack featuring Bootstrap for responsive design and Matomo for analytics, indicating a focus on user experience and privacy. The use of ES modules and import maps shows adoption of contemporary JavaScript standards. Performance is moderate with room for optimization, especially in image loading and script management. Accessibility features such as skip links and ARIA roles are implemented, supporting inclusive design. The CMS appears to be i-web, a specialized platform for municipal websites, which supports structured content and multilingual capabilities. Hosting details are not explicit but likely regional, supporting good latency for local users. Technical risks are minimal but include potential improvements in security header completeness and cookie management.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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