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Security report for ivhhn.org

International Volcanic Health Hazard Network (IVHHN) · Other · United Kingdom

Medium risk. 7 critical or high findings in Security headers, GDPR outside view and 1 other check.

Security score

64/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The International Volcanic Health Hazard Network (IVHHN) is a specialized academic and public health organization focused on researching and disseminating information about volcanic health hazards. Affiliated with the University of Cambridge and recognized as an IAVCEI Commission, IVHHN provides scientific protocols, public information resources, a comprehensive academic library, and crisis management briefings. The website serves researchers, public health officials, and the general public interested in volcanic hazards. Technically, the site is built on Drupal 8 with Bootstrap and uses Cloudflare for DNS and hosting services. It integrates Google Analytics with IP anonymization and Google Translate for multilingual support. The site is mobile optimized and offers a good user experience with clear navigation and professional design. Security posture is moderate with HTTPS enabled and no exposed sensitive data, but lacks DNSSEC and security headers. Privacy compliance is weak due to missing privacy and cookie policies and no consent mechanisms. Business credibility is high given the academic affiliation and long domain age. Overall, the site is trustworthy and professionally maintained but would benefit from enhanced privacy and security policies.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
35/ 100 · High
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

7 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching ivhhn.org

This scan found 22 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
65
Security headers
40
Email security
70
DNS health
75
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
35
Average
64

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

IVHHN occupies a niche academic and public health sector focusing on volcanic health hazards. Its competitive advantage lies in its affiliation with reputable institutions like the University of Cambridge and IAVCEI. The business model is non-profit and research-oriented, targeting scientists, health officials, and affected communities. Revenue streams are not evident but likely include academic grants and institutional support. The partnership ecosystem includes Durham University and IAVCEI. Growth indicators include recent publications and endorsements by WHO. The organization maintains a focused content strategy with clear service offerings and a specialized audience.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a moderate security maturity level with HTTPS enforced and IP anonymization in analytics. However, it lacks DNSSEC, security headers (such as CSP, HSTS, X-Frame-Options), and published security or incident response policies. There are no visible vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data. The absence of privacy and cookie policies indicates compliance gaps with GDPR and similar regulations. Incident response readiness is unclear due to lack of published contacts or procedures. Overall, the security posture is adequate for an academic site but requires improvements to meet best practices and regulatory compliance.

Recommendations

  1. Enable DNSSEC on the domain to enhance DNS security and prevent spoofing.
  2. Implement and publish comprehensive privacy and cookie policies with explicit user consent mechanisms.
  3. Add security headers including Content-Security-Policy, Strict-Transport-Security, and X-Frame-Options to harden the site against common attacks.
  4. Publish an incident response policy and provide clear contact channels for security issues and vulnerability disclosures.
  5. Regularly audit third-party scripts and libraries to ensure no vulnerabilities and maintain updated versions.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
International Volcanic Health Hazard Network (IVHHN)
Description
The International Volcanic Health Hazard Network (IVHHN) is an umbrella organisation for all research and dissemination of information on volcanic health hazards and impacts. IVHHN is an IAVCEI Commission.
Key services
Scientific Protocols, Public Information Resources, IVHHN Library (academic references), Crisis Management Briefings
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Drupal 8, Bootstrap 3.4.1, jQuery, Google Analytics, Google Translate
Frameworks
Drupal, Bootstrap
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
basic
SEO
basic

Security

Observed score
75/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enabled
  • Google Analytics anonymize IP enabled
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Google Tag Manager
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
poor

Advertising

Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is a professionally maintained academic and public health resource.
  2. No privacy or cookie policies found, which is a compliance gap.
  3. No explicit security or incident response policies published.
  4. Content is well structured and relevant to volcanic health hazards.
  5. Use of Google Analytics with IP anonymization is privacy conscious but lacks explicit user consent.
  6. No phone numbers or email addresses explicitly listed on main pages; contact via contact page.
  7. No security headers detected in provided data; opportunity for improvement.
  8. No DNSSEC enabled; recommended for DNS security enhancement.
Technical notes

Notes

The website uses a mature and stable technology stack based on Drupal 8 and Bootstrap 3.4.1, supported by jQuery and Google services for analytics and translation. Hosting and DNS are managed via Cloudflare, providing performance and security benefits. The site is mobile responsive and has a moderate performance profile. SEO is basic with canonical and hreflang tags present. Accessibility is basic but could be improved. There is no evidence of technical debt or deprecated technologies beyond the older Bootstrap version. Opportunities exist to modernize front-end frameworks and enhance security configurations.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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