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Security report for innove.ee

Haridus- ja Teadusministeerium · Government · Estonia

High risk. 19 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Network security and 1 other check.

Security score

49/100

Risk levelHigh

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The website harno.ee is registered to the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (Haridus- ja Teadusministeerium) and appears to be a government-related domain. However, the actual website content is inaccessible due to a Cloudflare security challenge page employing Turnstile captcha, which blocks direct access to the site's content. This prevents a full analysis of the website's offerings, policies, and user interface. The domain is relatively new, created in 2020, which aligns with possible recent governmental digital initiatives. Technically, the site uses Cloudflare for security and performance, but no DNSSEC is enabled, and no security headers are visible in the provided data. The lack of visible privacy, cookie, or terms of service policies, as well as absence of contact information, limits the assessment of compliance and user support. The site does not expose any forms or data collection fields beyond the captcha mechanism. From a security perspective, the use of Cloudflare's WAF and captcha indicates a proactive approach to mitigate automated threats and abuse. However, the absence of DNSSEC and security headers suggests room for improvement in hardening the domain's security posture. The lack of visible compliance documentation and contact channels is a concern for transparency and user trust. Overall, the site is legitimate and consistent with a government entity but currently inaccessible for detailed content and compliance evaluation. Strategic recommendations include enabling DNSSEC, publishing clear privacy and cookie policies, adding contact and incident response information, and implementing security headers to enhance trust and security.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
10/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

19 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

  2. Network security

    Services reachable from the internet are the first thing attackers probe. Anything open that does not need to be should be closed.

    • Critical

      Critical Service Exposed: Telnet

      Port 23 (Telnet) is publicly accessible - Telnet - Unencrypted remote access

      What to do: Immediately restrict access to Telnet using firewall or VPN

      • NIS2 21(2)(e)
      • IR 2024/2690 6.7.2(f): Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690, Annex point 6.7.2(f): Network security
      • NIST CM-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 CM-7: Least Functionality
      • NIST SC-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 SC-7: Boundary Protection
    • Critical

      Critical Service Exposed: SMB

      Port 445 (SMB) is publicly accessible - SMB - Windows file sharing, high risk

      What to do: Immediately restrict access to SMB using firewall or VPN

      • NIS2 21(2)(e)
      • IR 2024/2690 6.7.2(f): Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690, Annex point 6.7.2(f): Network security
      • NIST CM-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 CM-7: Least Functionality
      • NIST SC-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 SC-7: Boundary Protection
    • Critical

      Critical Service Exposed: MSSQL

      Port 1433 (MSSQL) is publicly accessible - MSSQL - Database server

      What to do: Immediately restrict access to MSSQL using firewall or VPN

      • NIS2 21(2)(e)
      • IR 2024/2690 6.7.2(f): Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690, Annex point 6.7.2(f): Network security
      • NIST CM-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 CM-7: Least Functionality
      • NIST SC-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 SC-7: Boundary Protection
    • Critical

      Critical Service Exposed: Oracle

      Port 1521 (Oracle) is publicly accessible - Oracle - Database server

      What to do: Immediately restrict access to Oracle using firewall or VPN

      • NIS2 21(2)(e)
      • IR 2024/2690 6.7.2(f): Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690, Annex point 6.7.2(f): Network security
      • NIST CM-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 CM-7: Least Functionality
      • NIST SC-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 SC-7: Boundary Protection

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  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
75
Security headers
70
Email security
65
DNS health
90
Network security
0
GDPR outside view
10
Average
52
After the cap
49

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet · found on this site
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Harno.ee is associated with the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research, indicating a governmental function likely related to education or research services. The domain age and registrant data confirm legitimacy. The business model is governmental service provision, targeting Estonian citizens and institutions. The lack of visible content and policies limits insight into specific services or market positioning. No partnerships or subsidiaries are evident from the data. The site’s digital presence is currently limited by security mechanisms, which may impact user accessibility and engagement.

Security posture

The website employs Cloudflare's security services including a Turnstile captcha challenge, indicating a strong perimeter defense against automated threats. However, the absence of DNSSEC and security headers such as Content-Security-Policy or Strict-Transport-Security reduces the overall security posture. No visible vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data were detected, but the lack of transparency in privacy and incident response policies is a compliance gap. The site’s security score is limited by the inability to access full content and configurations.

Recommendations

  1. Enable DNSSEC on the domain to improve DNS security and integrity.
  2. Publish comprehensive privacy and cookie policies to ensure GDPR compliance and user transparency.
  3. Add clear contact information including security incident response channels (e.g., security@ or abuse@ emails).
  4. Implement standard security headers (CSP, HSTS, X-Frame-Options) to enhance web security.
  5. Review and optimize accessibility and SEO features once content is accessible to improve user experience and discoverability.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Cloudflare detected. Website is behind a Cloudflare security challenge page with Turnstile captcha, blocking direct content access. These observations may be incomplete. For a fuller analysis, contact guard@offseq.com.

Business

Company
Haridus- ja Teadusministeerium
Description
The website appears to be associated with the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research, likely serving governmental or educational purposes.
Content quality
poor
Branding
moderate

Technology

Stack
Cloudflare, JavaScript, HTML5, CSS3

Analytics and tracking

Services
Cloudflare Insights
Tracking level
minimal
Privacy practices
poor

Advertising

Transparency
poor

Site quality

Design
poor
User experience
poor
Content relevance
poor
Navigation
poor
Professionalism
poor
Trustworthiness
moderate

Key observations

  1. Website content is inaccessible due to Cloudflare Turnstile challenge page.
  2. No visible privacy, cookie, or terms of service policies on the landing page.
  3. No contact information or business details visible on the challenge page.
  4. Website uses Cloudflare for security and performance.
  5. No forms or data collection fields visible except hidden Turnstile captcha input.
  6. No social media or external business links found in the HTML content.
  7. No metadata such as Open Graph or JSON-LD structured data present.
  8. No security headers detected in the provided data.
  9. DNSSEC is not enabled for the domain.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is protected by Cloudflare, utilizing their WAF and Turnstile captcha for bot mitigation. The HTML content is minimal and serves only as a challenge page, lacking metadata such as Open Graph or JSON-LD structured data. No CMS or frameworks are detected beyond standard HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Hosting is via Cloudflare’s edge network. Performance and mobile optimization cannot be assessed due to content blocking. The technical debt appears low but modernization opportunities exist in security configurations and content delivery.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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