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Security report for iila-economia-circolare-citta-verdi.it

IILA - ORGANIZZAZIONE INTERNAZIONALE ITALO-LATINO AMERICANA · Government · Italy

High risk. 6 critical or high findings in Network security, Security headers and 1 other check.

Security score

42/100

Risk levelHigh

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The website represents the Foro Permanente Economia Circolare e Città Verdi project under the IILA organization, focusing on circular economy and sustainable urban development between Italy and Latin America. The site provides information, best practices, and project updates targeting stakeholders interested in environmental sustainability and green city initiatives. Technically, the site is built on WordPress with common plugins and frameworks, hosted on SiteGround, but suffers from slow load times and lacks a valid SSL certificate, which critically impacts security posture. The security configuration is basic, missing key headers and DNS/email protections, though no active vulnerabilities were detected. Privacy compliance is well addressed with clear cookie and privacy policies and consent mechanisms. Overall, the site is moderately professional and trustworthy but requires urgent security improvements, especially enabling HTTPS and enhancing security headers. Strategic recommendations include SSL deployment, security header implementation, and DNS/email security enhancements to improve trust and compliance.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
58/ 100 · Medium
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

6 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Network security

    Services reachable from the internet are the first thing attackers probe. Anything open that does not need to be should be closed.

    • Critical

      Critical Service Exposed: PostgreSQL

      Port 5432 (PostgreSQL) is publicly accessible - PostgreSQL - Database server

      What to do: Immediately restrict access to PostgreSQL using firewall or VPN

      • NIS2 21(2)(e)
      • IR 2024/2690 6.7.2(f): Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690, Annex point 6.7.2(f): Network security
      • NIST CM-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 CM-7: Least Functionality
      • NIST SC-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 SC-7: Boundary Protection

  2. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing X-Frame-Options header

      Prevents clickjacking attacks

      What to do: Add "X-Frame-Options: DENY" or "X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN"

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  3. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching iila-economia-circolare-citta-verdi.it

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
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  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
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  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
50
Security headers
35
Email security
50
DNS health
60
Network security
0
GDPR outside view
58
Average
42

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet · found on this site
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The project operates as a niche international organization initiative, funded by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, focusing on knowledge sharing and policy advocacy in circular economy and green cities. Its market position is specialized, serving Italian and Latin American stakeholders. The business model is non-profit and project-based, with key services including information dissemination, best practice sharing, and coordination of sustainability forums. The website content and structure support these goals, with clear navigation and multilingual support (Italian and Spanish). The partnership ecosystem includes IILA and related Latin American entities. Growth indicators are limited but consistent with a small, focused organization.

Security posture

The current security maturity is low due to the absence of HTTPS and lack of security headers, exposing users to risks such as data interception and man-in-the-middle attacks. Email security is incomplete without DMARC, and DNSSEC is not enabled, increasing DNS spoofing risks. No incident response or security policy pages are present, indicating limited formal security governance. The cookie consent mechanism is implemented, supporting GDPR compliance. The site does not expose sensitive data or vulnerable libraries but urgently needs to address SSL and security headers to reduce risk and improve user trust.

Recommendations

  1. Deploy a valid SSL certificate and enforce HTTPS site-wide immediately.
  2. Implement HTTP security headers including Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-XSS-Protection.
  3. Configure DMARC, SPF, and DKIM records to secure email delivery and reduce phishing risks.
  4. Enable DNSSEC to protect DNS integrity and prevent spoofing.
  5. Develop and publish a formal security policy and incident response plan to enhance security governance and transparency.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Legal name
IILA - ORGANIZZAZIONE INTERNAZIONALE ITALO-LATINO AMERICANA
Technical notes

Notes

The website uses a standard WordPress CMS with popular plugins such as Yoast SEO, Slider Revolution, WPBakery, and Iubenda for cookie management. Hosting is provided by SiteGround. The site loads slowly with a load time of approximately 13 seconds and a high number of resources (153). Mobile optimization is good, and SEO metadata is well implemented including Open Graph and JSON-LD structured data. However, the lack of HTTPS and security headers represents technical debt and a security risk. The site uses Google Analytics via MonsterInsights for tracking, with cookie consent mechanisms in place. Overall, the technical infrastructure is functional but requires modernization and security hardening.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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