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Security report for federation-wallonie-bruxelles.be

Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles · Government · Belgium

Medium risk. 8 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Email security and 2 other checks.

Security score

60/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles official portal serves as a comprehensive information hub for government services, culture, education, sports, youth aid, research, and justice within the French-speaking community of Belgium. The website is well-structured, professionally designed, and targets residents and stakeholders seeking official information and public services. It leverages mature technologies such as TYPO3 CMS and integrates analytics tools like Matomo and Google Analytics, reflecting a moderate level of digital maturity. Security posture is adequate with HTTPS enforced and cookie consent implemented, though the absence of explicit security headers and vulnerability disclosure mechanisms suggests room for improvement. The WHOIS data is restricted, typical for .be domains, but the domain's legitimacy is supported by consistent official content and trusted external links. Overall, the site is reliable, user-friendly, and compliant with privacy regulations, making it a trustworthy government resource.

Scanned

This is an earlier scan of federation-wallonie-bruxelles.be. View the latest report

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
25/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

8 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

  2. Email security

    SPF, DKIM and DMARC stop others sending email that looks like it comes from your domain, a common route to phishing and invoice fraud.

    • Critical

      No email authentication configured

      Domain is vulnerable to email spoofing

      What to do: Implement SPF, DKIM, and DMARC immediately

  3. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

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Keep watching federation-wallonie-bruxelles.be

This scan found 25 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
67
Security headers
65
Email security
40
DNS health
60
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
25
Average
60

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The website positions itself as the authoritative digital presence of the Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles government entity, providing essential public information and services. Its partnerships with official sector-specific domains (education, culture, sport, justice) reinforce its ecosystem integration. The business model is non-commercial, focused on public service delivery. The site’s content and navigation cater to a broad audience including citizens, students, researchers, and public servants. The use of open-source CMS and analytics tools indicates cost-effective technology adoption. The presence of cookie consent and privacy policies aligns with GDPR compliance, enhancing trust. The domain's restricted WHOIS data is standard for governmental domains, with no suspicious patterns detected. The site demonstrates a stable market position as a key government communication channel.

Security posture

The website employs HTTPS, ensuring encrypted communication. Cookie consent mechanisms and privacy policies indicate awareness of data protection requirements. However, the lack of visible security headers such as Content Security Policy (CSP), HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS), and X-Frame-Options reduces defense-in-depth. No security.txt or vulnerability disclosure page is present, limiting transparency for security researchers. No exposed sensitive data or vulnerable libraries were detected in the HTML content. The site would benefit from enhanced security headers, formal incident response contacts, and published vulnerability disclosure policies to strengthen its security posture and compliance readiness.

Recommendations

  1. Implement comprehensive security headers including CSP, HSTS, and X-Frame-Options to mitigate common web attacks.
  2. Publish a security.txt file to facilitate responsible vulnerability disclosure and improve transparency.
  3. Add explicit incident response contact information, such as security@ or abuse@ email addresses.
  4. Regularly audit third-party scripts and analytics tools to ensure no vulnerabilities or privacy issues.
  5. Enhance monitoring and logging to detect and respond to security incidents promptly.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles
Description
Official portal of the Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles providing information about government, culture, education, sport, youth aid, research, justice, and public services.
Key services
Information dissemination, Public service access, News and updates, Contact and support
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
TYPO3 CMS 4.5, jQuery, Owl Carousel, Matomo Analytics, Google Analytics, SlickNav
Frameworks
TYPO3
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
70/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Cookie consent implemented
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML

Analytics and tracking

Services
Matomo, Google Analytics
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Matomo
Marketing tools
Optimal Workshop
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is an official government portal for Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles.
  2. Content is rich, well-structured, and multilingual (French primary).
  3. Uses TYPO3 CMS, a mature open-source CMS.
  4. Includes cookie consent and privacy policy compliant with GDPR.
  5. No visible security headers in HTML but uses HTTPS.
  6. No signs of malware or phishing.
  7. WHOIS data is restricted, typical for .be domains.
  8. Social media presence on LinkedIn and Facebook.
  9. No security.txt or explicit vulnerability disclosure found.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on TYPO3 CMS version 4.5, a mature but older CMS version, which may require updates for security and performance. It uses jQuery and Owl Carousel for UI components, and SlickNav for responsive navigation. Analytics are handled via Matomo and Google Analytics, indicating a hybrid approach to user tracking. The site loads multiple CSS stylesheets for responsive design, supporting good mobile optimization and accessibility. Performance is moderate, with some legacy scripts and potential for optimization. The site lacks modern security headers and explicit CSP, which are recommended for modern web applications. Overall, the technical infrastructure is stable but could benefit from modernization and enhanced security controls.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 64/100Medium30 findingsView report
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