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Security report for europa.eu

European Union · Government · European Union

Low risk. 1 critical or high finding in Security headers.

Security score

79/100

Risk levelLow

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The European Union's official website serves as a comprehensive portal for information about the EU's functions, principles, priorities, history, and member states. It targets a broad audience including citizens, researchers, and policymakers, providing multilingual content and extensive resources. The site is authoritative and well-branded, reflecting its governmental nature. Technically, it is built on Drupal 10 with modern web standards, ensuring good performance, accessibility, and SEO. Security posture is strong with HTTPS, security headers, and no visible vulnerabilities, though explicit security policies and incident response details are not published. Privacy compliance is robust with clear privacy and cookie policies and consent mechanisms. Overall, the site is highly trustworthy and professionally maintained.

Scanned

This is an earlier scan of europa.eu. View the latest report

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
83/ 100 · Low
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

1 finding rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

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Keep watching europa.eu

This scan found 17 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
90
Security headers
55
Email security
70
DNS health
75
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
83
Average
79

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Breach exposure

Leaked credentials and lookalike domains from OffSeq Breach. The counts are free; the detailed lists are paid add-ons.

Dark web exposure

Add-on

Leaked records that mention europa.eu, from OffSeq Breach.

Total records
328,967
Employees
312
Customers
326,630
Third parties
2,025
Weak passwords
21%

Latest record dated 2026-06-13 · 1,295 subdomains affected

See the 10 newest leaked credentials

A one-off add-on to this report that lists the most recent identifier and password pairs OffSeq Breach holds for europa.eu.

Select it in the checkout above.

Masked preview

  • –ecas.ec.europa.eu2026-06-13
  • –ecas.ec.europa.eu2026-06-13
  • –corp-bx-myremote.tech.ec.europa.eu2026-06-12
  • –sts-out.euaa.europa.eu2026-06-12
  • –ecas.ec.europa.eu2026-06-11

Breach keeps ingesting new leaks, so these numbers can grow between scans.

Open in Breach(opens in a new tab)Monitor on Breach(opens in a new tab)

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The website represents a key communication channel for the European Union, positioning itself as the authoritative source for EU-related information. Its business model is informational and governmental, focusing on transparency and public engagement rather than commercial activities. The multilingual support and extensive content indicate a mature digital presence. The site leverages partnerships within EU institutions and bodies, as reflected in linked domains. Its market position is unique as the official EU web presence, with no direct competitors in its niche. The site supports EU priorities and citizen services, reinforcing its strategic importance.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a mature security posture with enforced HTTPS, comprehensive security headers, and no exposed sensitive data. The presence of cookie consent and privacy policies aligns with GDPR requirements. However, the absence of a published security policy, incident response plan, or vulnerability disclosure program suggests areas for improvement in transparency and readiness. No security.txt file or dedicated security contact channels were found. The use of modern CMS and EU webtools reduces risk from outdated software. Overall, the site is secure but could enhance its security communication and incident handling capabilities.

Recommendations

  1. Publish a dedicated security policy and incident response information page to improve transparency.
  2. Implement and publicize a vulnerability disclosure program including a security.txt file.
  3. Regularly audit and update third-party scripts and libraries to mitigate potential vulnerabilities.
  4. Enhance form input validation and sanitization to prevent injection attacks.
  5. Maintain and communicate clear data retention and privacy policies aligned with GDPR.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
European Union
Description
Official website providing information about the European Union's functioning, principles, priorities, history, member states, legal basis, and citizens' rights.
Key services
Information dissemination, News and events updates, Access to EU institutions and bodies, Public engagement and contact
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Drupal 10, JavaScript, CSS, JSON-LD, SVG
Frameworks
Drupal CMS, European Commission Webtools
Platforms
Web
Performance
moderate
Mobile
excellent
Accessibility
excellent
SEO
excellent

Security

Observed score
90/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Cookie consent banner implemented
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Secure forms with proper labels and ARIA attributes

Analytics and tracking

Services
Piwik (Matomo)
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
piwik
Marketing tools
European Commission Webtools
Transparency
good

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with no blocking or WAF challenges.
  2. Content is comprehensive, multilingual, and professionally presented.
  3. Strong privacy and cookie policies with consent mechanisms are implemented.
  4. No direct company emails found; contact is via forms and official phone numbers.
  5. No explicit security policy or incident response info published on main site.
  6. WHOIS data is not publicly available due to EURid privacy policies.
  7. Website uses modern CMS (Drupal 10) and EU standard webtools.
  8. Social media sharing is extensive and includes major platforms.
  9. No suspicious or malicious content detected.
  10. Website is optimized for accessibility and mobile devices.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on Drupal 10, a modern and widely supported CMS, ensuring a solid technical foundation. It uses JSON-LD structured data and Open Graph tags for SEO and social media integration. The site loads multiple CSS and JavaScript assets, including EU-specific webtools and analytics scripts. Mobile optimization and accessibility are excellent, with responsive design and ARIA attributes. Performance is moderate, likely due to rich content and multiple external resources. Hosting details are not explicit but likely managed by EU infrastructure. The technical stack is robust with opportunities to optimize loading times and enhance security headers further.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 79/100Low26 findingsView report
  2. 79/100 +6Low26 findingsView report
  3. 73/100Medium22 findingsView report
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