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Security report for duebendorf.ch

Stadt Dübendorf · Government · Switzerland

Medium risk. 6 critical or high findings in Security headers, GDPR outside view and 2 other checks.

Security score

63/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Stadt Dübendorf operates an official municipal website serving the residents and visitors of Dübendorf, Switzerland. The site provides comprehensive information about city services, news, events, and digital administrative functions such as the Online-Schalter. The website targets local citizens and stakeholders, positioning itself as a reliable government portal with a focus on accessibility and user engagement. The business model is that of a public service provider, offering transparent and accessible municipal services online. Technically, the website employs a modern CMS platform (i-web CMS) with JavaScript frameworks and libraries such as Owl Carousel and Matomo for analytics. It integrates Google Tag Manager for marketing and tracking purposes while maintaining user privacy through consent mechanisms. The site is mobile-optimized and accessible, with clear navigation and structured content. Performance is moderate, with room for optimization. From a security perspective, the site enforces HTTPS and uses secure login forms. However, it lacks explicit HTTP security headers which could enhance protection against common web threats. No vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data were detected. The site holds an ISO 27001 certification, indicating a mature security framework. Privacy policies and cookie consent are well implemented, supporting GDPR compliance. Overall, the website is trustworthy, professional, and well-maintained with a strong focus on user privacy and security. Strategic improvements could include adding security headers, publishing incident response contacts, and implementing a vulnerability disclosure policy to further enhance security posture and transparency.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
53/ 100 · Medium
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

6 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

  3. Email security

    SPF, DKIM and DMARC stop others sending email that looks like it comes from your domain, a common route to phishing and invoice fraud.

    • High

      No DMARC record found

      DMARC provides email authentication and reporting

      What to do: Add DMARC record: "v=DMARC1; p=none; rua=mailto:dmarc@yourdomain.com"

  4. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • High

      Weak Protocols Supported

      Server supports weak protocols: TLSv1.1

      What to do: Disable TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and all SSL versions

      • CWE-327
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V12.1.1

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching duebendorf.ch

This scan found 27 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
42
Security headers
40
Email security
60
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
53
Average
63

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Stadt Dübendorf is positioned as a local government authority providing essential public services digitally. Its competitive advantage lies in offering a comprehensive online portal with digital services, official publications, and community engagement tools. The business model is service-oriented, funded by municipal budgets, targeting residents and local businesses. Growth indicators include active event promotion and digital service expansion. The partnership ecosystem includes innovation platforms, cultural venues, and community safety initiatives. The website reflects a stable operational presence with consistent branding and trust signals such as ISO certification.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a solid security maturity level with HTTPS enforcement and secure form handling. The presence of ISO 27001 certification indicates adherence to recognized security standards. No critical vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data were found. However, the absence of HTTP security headers like Content Security Policy, HSTS, and X-Frame-Options represents a compliance gap that could be addressed. Incident response readiness is not publicly documented, and no security.txt or vulnerability disclosure mechanisms are present. Overall, the security culture appears proactive but could benefit from enhanced transparency and technical controls.

Recommendations

  1. Implement HTTP security headers such as Content Security Policy, HSTS, and X-Frame-Options to strengthen web security.
  2. Publish an incident response and abuse contact page to improve transparency and facilitate security communications.
  3. Create and host a security.txt file to provide clear vulnerability disclosure guidelines.
  4. Regularly audit and update third-party scripts and libraries to mitigate potential vulnerabilities.
  5. Enhance performance optimizations to improve loading speed and user experience, especially on mobile devices.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Stadt Dübendorf
Description
Official municipal website providing information and digital services for the community of Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Key services
Online-Schalter (digital services), News and official publications, Event information, Administrative services, Contact and emergency information
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
JavaScript, Matomo Analytics, Google Tag Manager, jQuery (implied by legacy scripts), Owl Carousel
Frameworks
i-web CMS (implied by meta tags and script paths)
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Secure login form with POST method
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML

Analytics and tracking

Services
Matomo, Google Analytics (via GTM)
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Matomo
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is a well-maintained official municipal site for Dübendorf, Switzerland.
  2. Content is comprehensive, covering news, events, services, and contact information.
  3. Good use of modern web technologies and analytics with privacy considerations.
  4. Security posture is solid with HTTPS and secure forms but could improve with additional HTTP headers.
  5. No signs of suspicious or malicious content or domains.
  6. Social media presence is active across multiple platforms.
  7. Clear privacy and cookie policies with user consent mechanisms.
  8. No incident response or vulnerability disclosure information publicly available.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on the i-web CMS platform, utilizing JavaScript libraries including Owl Carousel for UI components and Matomo alongside Google Tag Manager for analytics and marketing. The site is mobile responsive and includes accessibility features such as skip links and ARIA roles. Performance is moderate, with potential improvements in script loading and caching. The technical stack is modern but could benefit from additional security headers and optimization. Hosting details are not explicitly disclosed. Overall, the infrastructure supports a stable and user-friendly experience aligned with municipal service requirements.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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