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Security report for ctbto.org

Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization · Government · Austria

Medium risk. 6 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view and SSL/TLS.

Security score

52/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) operates as an international governmental entity dedicated to monitoring and enforcing the ban on nuclear tests globally. The organization provides key services including verification regimes, international monitoring systems, data analysis, and on-site inspections, targeting member states, researchers, civil society, and media. The website reflects a professional and authoritative presence consistent with its mission and audience. Technically, the site is built on Drupal 10 with modern frameworks and is hosted behind Cloudflare, leveraging Google Analytics and other monitoring tools. The site is mobile-optimized and well-structured, though performance metrics are unavailable. Security headers are implemented, but a critical issue is the absence of a valid SSL certificate and disabled TLS protocols, which significantly impacts the security posture. Security-wise, while the organization employs good header policies and content security policies, the lack of HTTPS and proper TLS support is a major vulnerability. No incident response or security policy pages were found, and cookie consent mechanisms are missing despite tracking usage. DNS records show malformed CAA entries and no DNSSEC, which could be improved. Overall, the site is trustworthy and professional but requires urgent remediation of SSL/TLS issues and enhancement of privacy compliance mechanisms to improve security and user trust.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
0/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

6 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      No HTTPS encryption

      GDPR requires appropriate security measures for personal data

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate for HTTPS

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

  2. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • Critical

      No HTTPS Encryption

      Website does not use HTTPS encryption, making all data transmission vulnerable to interception

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate and redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching ctbto.org

This scan found 14 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
0
Security headers
70
Email security
50
DNS health
90
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
0
Average
52

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

CTBTO holds a strong market position as the authoritative international organization for nuclear test monitoring and treaty enforcement. Its business model is based on treaty obligations and member state funding, focusing on global security and non-proliferation. The organization targets governments, researchers, and civil society, offering technical verification services and capacity building. The website supports this with extensive resources, news, and training information. The partnership ecosystem includes international agencies and technology providers. Growth indicators include ongoing workshops and technical advancements. The organization's operations are transparent and well-documented, reinforcing credibility.

Security posture

The current security maturity level is moderate due to good header implementations and content security policies. However, the absence of a valid SSL certificate and disabled TLS protocols represent critical vulnerabilities that expose users to potential interception and downgrade attacks. The lack of cookie consent mechanisms and incident response information indicates gaps in compliance and readiness. No vulnerable libraries or known exploits were detected. The organization should prioritize SSL renewal and enable modern TLS versions, implement cookie consent, and publish security policies to enhance trust and compliance.

Recommendations

  1. Renew and properly configure SSL certificates to enable HTTPS and modern TLS protocols.
  2. Implement a cookie consent mechanism to comply with privacy regulations and inform users about tracking.
  3. Correct malformed CAA DNS records and consider enabling DNSSEC for enhanced DNS security.
  4. Publish clear security policies and incident response procedures accessible on the website.
  5. Enable OCSP stapling and session resumption to improve SSL performance and security.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Legal name
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization
Technical notes

Notes

The website uses Drupal 10 CMS with Bootstrap 5 for responsive design and integrates Google Analytics and New Relic for monitoring. Hosting is via Cloudflare, providing CDN and security features. The site is mobile-optimized and accessible with a clear navigation structure. However, SSL/TLS configuration is severely lacking, with no valid certificate and disabled protocols, which is a critical technical debt. DNS records show malformed CAA entries and no DNSSEC. Performance data is missing, but the presence of video and rich media suggests moderate resource usage. The site uses Weglot for multilingual support. Overall, the technical infrastructure is modern but requires urgent security upgrades.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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