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Security report for cloud.gov

U.S. General Services Administration · Government · United States

Low risk. 3 critical or high findings in Security headers and GDPR outside view.

Security score

78/100

Risk levelLow

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Cloud.gov is a government-operated platform-as-a-service designed to enable federal agencies to deploy secure, compliant digital services efficiently. Operated by the U.S. General Services Administration (GSA), it offers modern application hosting, compliant federal public websites, and DevSecOps workspaces tailored for government needs. The platform is FedRAMP Moderate authorized, simplifying compliance and procurement for government teams. The website reflects a mature, professional government service with clear messaging and strong trust signals. Technically, Cloud.gov leverages modern web technologies including Astro, US Web Design System, and Google Fonts, hosted on AWS infrastructure. The site is well-optimized for performance, mobile responsiveness, accessibility, and SEO. Analytics are implemented via Google Tag Manager and the Digital Analytics Program, with moderate user tracking. Security posture is strong, with HTTPS enforced, FedRAMP Moderate compliance, continuous monitoring, and adherence to federal security frameworks such as NIST 800-53 and Zero Trust principles. However, DNSSEC is not enabled, and no security.txt or explicit incident response contacts are published on the site. Privacy compliance is partial, lacking a cookie consent mechanism and explicit terms of service. Overall, Cloud.gov presents a trustworthy, secure, and professional government cloud platform with minor areas for improvement in privacy compliance and security transparency. The domain registration and WHOIS data align with the official government nature of the service, supporting high legitimacy and trustworthiness.

Scanned

This is an earlier scan of cloud.gov. View the latest report

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
53/ 100 · Medium
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

3 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…
  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching cloud.gov

This scan found 18 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
95
Security headers
55
Email security
85
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
53
Average
78

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Breach exposure

Leaked credentials and lookalike domains from OffSeq Breach. The counts are free; the detailed lists are paid add-ons.

Dark web exposure

Add-on

Leaked records that mention cloud.gov, from OffSeq Breach.

Total records
35
Employees
0
Customers
35
Third parties
0
Weak passwords
11%

See the 10 newest leaked credentials

A one-off add-on to this report that lists the most recent identifier and password pairs OffSeq Breach holds for cloud.gov.

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Breach keeps ingesting new leaks, so these numbers can grow between scans.

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Cloud.gov occupies a unique position as a government-operated cloud platform, eliminating vendor lock-in and streamlining procurement via Interagency Agreements with GSA. Its business model focuses on serving federal agencies with scalable, compliant cloud services without the overhead of traditional vendor contracts. The platform's FedRAMP Moderate authorization and government backing provide competitive advantages in trust and compliance. The target customers are federal agencies and contractors requiring secure cloud infrastructure. The platform supports growth through flexible pricing and rapid onboarding, with a dedicated federal team providing support and development. Partnerships are primarily internal within government entities, with no commercial subsidiaries. The platform's ecosystem includes integration with GitLab for DevSecOps and status monitoring services, enhancing operational transparency and developer experience.

Security posture

Cloud.gov demonstrates a mature security posture aligned with federal standards. The platform is FedRAMP Moderate authorized, meeting stringent requirements for continuous monitoring, vulnerability scanning, incident reporting, and patch management. Security controls map to NIST 800-53 Rev. 5 and FISMA mandates, with encrypted networking and Zero Trust principles implemented. The website itself uses HTTPS exclusively and avoids exposing sensitive data. However, the absence of DNSSEC and a published security.txt file limits some aspects of security transparency and DNS integrity. Incident response contact information is not explicitly provided, which could hinder rapid vulnerability reporting. Overall, the platform's security practices are robust and appropriate for government use, with room for enhanced transparency and DNS security.

Recommendations

  1. Enable DNSSEC on the domain to improve DNS security and integrity.
  2. Publish a security.txt file on the website to facilitate vulnerability disclosure and improve security transparency.
  3. Add explicit incident response contact information, including security@ or abuse@ email addresses, to support rapid communication.
  4. Implement a cookie consent mechanism to enhance privacy compliance and user awareness.
  5. Create and publish a terms of service page to clarify legal terms and user obligations.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
U.S. General Services Administration
Description
Cloud.gov is a platform-as-a-service built specifically for government agencies to deploy secure, compliant sites and applications without managing infrastructure.
Key services
Modern application hosting, Compliant federal public websites, DevSecOps workspaces
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Astro v5.12.3, Google Fonts (Inter), US Web Design System (USWDS), Google Tag Manager, Digital Analytics Program (DAP), GitLab (for DevSecOps workspace)
Frameworks
US Web Design System, Astro
Platforms
FedRAMP-authorized cloud platform
Performance
fast
Mobile
excellent
Accessibility
excellent
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
90/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • FedRAMP Moderate compliance
  • Continuous monitoring and vulnerability scanning
  • Encrypted isolated networking
  • Short-lived credentials
  • Granular access policies

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Tag Manager, Digital Analytics Program (DAP)
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
basic

Advertising

Tracking pixels
Digital Analytics Program (DAP)
Marketing tools
Digital Analytics Program (DAP)
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Official U.S. government cloud platform for federal agencies
  2. Strong emphasis on compliance and security
  3. Clear and professional website design and content
  4. No signs of malicious or suspicious activity
  5. No cookie consent mechanism detected
  6. No explicit terms of service page found
  7. No security.txt or explicit incident response contacts published
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built using modern web technologies including Astro framework and the US Web Design System, ensuring a responsive, accessible, and performant user experience. Hosting is on AWS, inferred from DNS nameservers, providing scalable and reliable infrastructure. Analytics are implemented via Google Tag Manager and the Digital Analytics Program, enabling usage insights while maintaining moderate tracking levels. The site is well-structured with proper meta tags for SEO and uses Google Fonts for typography. No CMS is detected, indicating a custom or static site approach. Performance is fast, and mobile optimization is excellent. Technical risks are minimal, though enabling DNSSEC and improving security transparency would further strengthen the platform.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 78/100Low20 findingsView report
  2. 78/100Low24 findingsView report
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