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Security report for ciab.pt

CIAB · Government · Portugal

High risk. 11 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Network security and 2 other checks.

Security score

43/100

Risk levelHigh

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

CIAB is a Portuguese arbitration center specializing in alternative dispute resolution for consumer conflicts, offering mediation, conciliation, and arbitration services. It serves consumers and companies primarily in Portugal, with a strong regional presence and a track record of over 20,000 complaints handled. The website is professionally designed, mobile-optimized, and provides comprehensive information about the services and processes. Social media presence and testimonials enhance trust. Technically, the site is built on WordPress with modern frameworks and plugins, ensuring a stable and responsive user experience. Security posture is good with HTTPS enforced, but lacks explicit security headers and published security policies. Privacy compliance is weak due to absence of privacy and cookie policies. Overall, the site is trustworthy and functional but could improve in privacy and security transparency.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
10/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

11 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

  2. Network security

    Services reachable from the internet are the first thing attackers probe. Anything open that does not need to be should be closed.

    • Critical

      Critical Service Exposed: MySQL

      Port 3306 (MySQL) is publicly accessible - MySQL - Database server

      What to do: Immediately restrict access to MySQL using firewall or VPN

      • NIS2 21(2)(e)
      • IR 2024/2690 6.7.2(f): Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690, Annex point 6.7.2(f): Network security
      • NIST CM-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 CM-7: Least Functionality
      • NIST SC-7: NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 SC-7: Boundary Protection

  3. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing X-Frame-Options header

      Prevents clickjacking attacks

      What to do: Add "X-Frame-Options: DENY" or "X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN"

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

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Keep watching ciab.pt

This scan found 27 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
72
Security headers
15
Email security
85
DNS health
75
Network security
0
GDPR outside view
10
Average
43

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet · found on this site
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The business operates as a non-profit government-related entity focused on consumer rights and dispute resolution. It targets consumers and businesses needing arbitration services in Portugal. The business model relies on institutionalized arbitration and mediation, supported by public funds and partnerships. The website reflects a mature organization with clear market positioning and a solid reputation. The presence of RACE indicates specialized services for banking clients. The company maintains active communication channels and a newsletter to engage stakeholders. No parent or subsidiary companies were identified. The business is medium-sized with consistent branding and good content quality.

Security posture

The website enforces HTTPS and avoids exposing sensitive data, indicating a baseline security maturity. However, it lacks advanced security headers and does not publish incident response or vulnerability disclosure policies, which are important for transparency and trust. No security.txt or dedicated security contact channels were found. The absence of cookie and privacy policies suggests compliance gaps with GDPR and related regulations. No known vulnerabilities or outdated libraries were detected from the HTML content. Overall, the security posture is adequate but could be enhanced by adopting best practices and publishing relevant policies.

Recommendations

  1. Publish a comprehensive privacy policy and cookie policy with GDPR compliance details.
  2. Implement and configure security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options.
  3. Add a vulnerability disclosure policy or security.txt file to facilitate responsible reporting.
  4. Provide explicit incident response and security contact information on the website.
  5. Enhance accessibility features to improve compliance and user experience for all users.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
CIAB
Description
Centro de Arbitragem de Conflitos de Consumo que oferece mediação, conciliação e arbitragem para resolução alternativa de litígios de consumo, incluindo serviços para clientes bancários via RACE.
Key services
Mediation, Conciliation, Arbitration, Consumer information, RACE - Rede de Apoio ao Cliente Bancário
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
WordPress 6.8.2, Yootheme theme, jQuery 3.7.1, Bootstrap 4.6.8 (via Download Manager plugin), SitePress Multilingual CMS (WPML), Download Manager plugin, UIkit framework
Frameworks
UIkit, Bootstrap
Platforms
WordPress
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
basic
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
80/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Use of security plugins (implied by WordPress environment)

Analytics and tracking

Tracking level
minimal
Privacy practices
poor

Advertising

Transparency
poor

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with rich content and multimedia.
  2. No privacy or cookie policy pages explicitly found.
  3. Contact information is comprehensive and clearly presented.
  4. No explicit security or incident response policies published.
  5. No vulnerability disclosure or security.txt found.
  6. Use of modern WordPress plugins and frameworks.
  7. Social media presence on Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, YouTube.
  8. No advertising or tracking scripts detected.
  9. Good mobile responsiveness and user experience.
  10. Content is professional and targeted to consumers and businesses in Portugal.
Technical notes

Notes

The website uses WordPress 6.8.2 with the Yootheme theme and integrates UIkit and Bootstrap frameworks, providing a modern and responsive design. jQuery is used for scripting along with plugins like Download Manager and WPML for multilingual support. The site loads multimedia content such as videos and images efficiently. SEO is supported by proper meta tags and structured navigation. Performance is moderate, with potential improvements in caching and asset optimization. No critical technical debt or deprecated technologies were observed. Hosting provider details were not identified from the content.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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