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Security report for userapi.com

Regional Network Information Center, JSC dba RU-CENTER · Media · Russia

Medium risk. 6 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, Email security and 1 other check.

Security score

71/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

VK.com is the largest European social networking platform, founded in 1997 and operated under a well-established domain registered with RU-CENTER. The platform offers a wide range of services including social networking, messaging, media sharing, video hosting, mini apps, and advertising. It targets a broad general audience and maintains a strong market position as a leading social network in Russia and Europe. Technically, VK employs modern web technologies such as React and MobX, with a focus on performance, accessibility, and mobile optimization. Security measures include HTTPS enforcement, security headers, and active error monitoring, although DNSSEC is not enabled. Privacy and terms policies are comprehensive and GDPR compliant, but explicit security policies and incident response contacts are not prominently published. Overall, VK demonstrates a mature digital infrastructure and a high level of professionalism and trustworthiness.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
50/ 100 · Medium
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

6 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

  2. Email security

    SPF, DKIM and DMARC stop others sending email that looks like it comes from your domain, a common route to phishing and invoice fraud.

  3. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • High

      Weak Protocols Supported

      Server supports weak protocols: TLSv1.1

      What to do: Disable TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and all SSL versions

      • CWE-327
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V12.1.1

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching userapi.com

This scan found 21 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

€25per month

  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
57
Security headers
65
Email security
75
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
50
Average
71

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

VK operates as a major social media and technology company with a business model centered on user engagement, advertising revenue, and digital services. Its extensive ecosystem includes partnerships with Mail.ru and other media entities, enhancing content offerings and monetization. The platform's large user base and enterprise-scale infrastructure position it strongly in the competitive social networking market. VK's strategic focus on integrated services such as mini apps and video content supports diversified revenue streams and user retention. The company maintains consistent branding and high content quality, reinforcing its credibility and market leadership.

Security posture

VK exhibits a robust security posture with mandatory HTTPS, clientTransferProhibited domain status, and multiple security headers implemented. The use of Sentry for error monitoring indicates proactive vulnerability management. However, the absence of DNSSEC and publicly available security policies or vulnerability disclosure programs suggests areas for improvement. No critical vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data were detected in the analyzed content. The platform appears compliant with GDPR requirements, but incident response and security contact information are not clearly disclosed, which could impact transparency and user trust in security matters.

Recommendations

  1. Enable DNSSEC to enhance DNS security and prevent spoofing.
  2. Publish a dedicated security policy and incident response contact information.
  3. Implement and publicize a vulnerability disclosure program or security.txt file.
  4. Enhance transparency regarding data protection officer and certifications.
  5. Continue to monitor and update security headers and practices to mitigate emerging threats.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Regional Network Information Center, JSC dba RU-CENTER
Description
VK is the largest European social network with more than 100 million active users. Our goal is to keep old friends, ex-classmates, neighbors and colleagues in touch.
Key services
Social networking, Messaging, Media sharing, Video hosting, Mini apps and games, Advertising platform
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
JavaScript ES Modules, React, MobX, VKUI (VK User Interface library), CSS3, HTML5, IndexedDB, PerformanceObserver API, Sentry for error monitoring
Frameworks
React, MobX
Platforms
Web, Mobile web, PWA (Progressive Web App)
Performance
fast
Mobile
excellent
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Client transfer prohibited domain status
  • Use of security headers
  • Error monitoring with Sentry
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML

Analytics and tracking

Services
Sentry, VK internal analytics
Tracking level
extensive
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Ad networks
VK Ads, Mail.ru advertising
Tracking pixels
Mail.ru tracking
Marketing tools
VK Ads platform, Mail.ru marketing tools
Transparency
good

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with no blocking or WAF challenges.
  2. Comprehensive privacy and terms policies are present and linked.
  3. No explicit contact emails or phone numbers found on the main page.
  4. Modern web technologies and frameworks are used.
  5. Strong security posture with HTTPS and security headers.
  6. No evidence of adult or questionable content.
  7. Large enterprise-scale social network platform.
  8. Multiple external domains related to VK ecosystem and partners.
  9. Advertising and tracking practices are transparent and standard for social networks.
Technical notes

Notes

VK's technical infrastructure is modern and well-architected, leveraging React and MobX frameworks for a responsive and dynamic user experience. The platform uses modular JavaScript with ES modules and employs advanced browser APIs for performance monitoring. Hosting is managed by RU-CENTER, a reputable registrar and hosting provider. The website demonstrates fast loading times, excellent mobile optimization, and good accessibility features. The use of proprietary CMS and custom UI libraries indicates a mature development environment. Opportunities exist to further improve DNS security and formalize security documentation to reduce technical risks.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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