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Security report for unef.es

UNEF · Energy · Spain

Medium risk. 6 critical or high findings in Security headers, GDPR outside view and 1 other check.

Security score

63/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

UNEF is the leading Spanish association representing the solar photovoltaic sector, with over 790 member companies and coverage of more than 90% of the industry activity in Spain. The website serves as a comprehensive platform for advocacy, certifications, industry reports, events, and member services, positioning UNEF as a key stakeholder and spokesperson in the renewable energy market. Technically, the website employs modern web technologies including Google Analytics and Tag Manager, uses HTTPS with good SSL configuration, and provides a responsive and well-structured user experience. Security posture is solid with encrypted communications and cookie consent mechanisms, though it lacks publicly disclosed security policies or incident response contacts. Overall, the site is professional, trustworthy, and compliant with GDPR, making it a reliable resource for industry participants and stakeholders.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
68/ 100 · Medium
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

6 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing X-Frame-Options header

      Prevents clickjacking attacks

      What to do: Add "X-Frame-Options: DENY" or "X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN"

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

  3. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • High

      Weak Protocols Supported

      Server supports weak protocols: TLSv1.1

      What to do: Disable TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and all SSL versions

      • CWE-327
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V12.1.1

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
42
Security headers
20
Email security
70
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
68
Average
63

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

UNEF operates as a membership-based association focused on the solar energy sector in Spain, leveraging its large member base to influence policy and industry standards. Its business model centers on providing certifications, organizing events such as the Solar Forum, publishing reports, and offering networking opportunities. The association maintains partnerships with other renewable energy organizations and has a strong digital presence. Growth indicators include active event scheduling and continuous publication of industry insights. UNEF's market position as the primary national association grants it significant influence and credibility within the energy sector.

Security posture

The website demonstrates a mature security posture with HTTPS enforced and cookie consent implemented, aligning with GDPR requirements. However, it lacks explicit security policies, incident response contacts, and vulnerability disclosure mechanisms, which are important for transparency and trust. No security headers were detected in the provided data, suggesting room for improvement. No vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data were found in the HTML content. Overall, the security posture is good but could be enhanced by publishing formal security documentation and adding security headers.

Recommendations

  1. Publish a formal security policy and incident response plan accessible on the website.
  2. Add security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and Strict-Transport-Security.
  3. Implement and publish a vulnerability disclosure policy or security.txt file to encourage responsible reporting.
  4. Enhance accessibility features to improve compliance and user experience for all users.
  5. Regularly review and update privacy and cookie policies to maintain GDPR compliance and transparency.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Legal name
UNEF
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
UNEF
Description
UNEF is the main association of the solar photovoltaic sector in Spain, representing over 90% of the sector's activity with more than 790 member companies. It acts as a spokesperson and lobby association at the national level.
Key services
Advocacy and lobbying, Certification programs, Industry reports and analysis, Events and forums, Member networking and services
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Google Analytics, Google Tag Manager, jQuery, Custom JavaScript, CSS3, HTML5, Google Fonts (Work Sans)
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
basic
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • Cookie consent banner implemented
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Google Tag Manager
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with no blocking or WAF challenges.
  2. Strong presence of industry certifications and events.
  3. Clear and consistent branding and messaging.
  4. Good use of modern web technologies and analytics.
  5. Privacy and cookie policies are present and GDPR compliant.
  6. Contact information is clearly provided with multiple channels.
  7. No security policy or incident response information publicly available.
  8. No vulnerability disclosure or security.txt found.
Technical notes

Notes

The website uses a custom or proprietary CMS with modern front-end technologies including CSS3, HTML5, and JavaScript libraries. Google Fonts and Google Analytics are integrated for typography and analytics respectively. The site is mobile responsive and well-structured with clear navigation menus and content sections. Performance is moderate with asynchronous loading of analytics scripts. No major technical debt or deprecated technologies were detected. Opportunities exist to improve accessibility and implement additional security headers to harden the site further.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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