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Security report for londonstockexchange.com

London Stock Exchange · Finance · United Kingdom

Medium risk. 4 critical or high findings in Security headers and GDPR outside view.

Security score

66/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

London Stock Exchange operates as a major financial institution based in the United Kingdom, providing stock exchange services. The website is built using modern web technologies including Angular 16 and Express, served behind CloudFront CDN and using Cloudflare DNS. However, the site lacks a valid SSL certificate and does not support HTTPS, which is a critical security deficiency. Security headers are implemented but insufficient without proper encryption. The site does not provide visible privacy, cookie, or terms of service policies, limiting compliance with GDPR and other regulations. Contact information is limited to a phone number and physical address embedded in structured data. Overall, the website demonstrates basic technical infrastructure but requires significant improvements in security and compliance to meet enterprise standards.

Scanned

This is an earlier scan of londonstockexchange.com. View the latest report

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
40/ 100 · High
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

4 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…
  2. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Privacy Policy found

      GDPR requires a clear and accessible privacy policy

      What to do: Add a comprehensive privacy policy page and link to it prominently

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching londonstockexchange.com

This scan found 12 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
50
Security headers
70
Email security
50
DNS health
85
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
40
Average
66

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Breach exposure

Leaked credentials and lookalike domains from OffSeq Breach. The counts are free; the detailed lists are paid add-ons.

Dark web exposure

Add-on

Leaked records that mention londonstockexchange.com, from OffSeq Breach.

Total records
2,646
Employees
0
Customers
2,597
Third parties
49
Weak passwords
8%

16 subdomains affected

See the 10 newest leaked credentials

A one-off add-on to this report that lists the most recent identifier and password pairs OffSeq Breach holds for londonstockexchange.com.

Select it in the checkout above.

Breach keeps ingesting new leaks, so these numbers can grow between scans.

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The London Stock Exchange is positioned as an essential entity in the finance sector, likely serving institutional investors, brokers, and listed companies. The business model revolves around providing market infrastructure and trading services. The lack of visible business descriptions or service details on the homepage suggests a focus on existing professional users rather than retail customers. The presence of marketing tools like Pardot and SendGrid indicates active customer engagement via email. The company operates at an enterprise scale with consistent branding but limited public-facing content on this page. No subsidiaries or parent company information is disclosed in the analyzed content.

Security posture

The security posture is weak due to the absence of a valid SSL certificate and lack of HTTPS support, exposing users to potential interception risks. While some security headers are present, critical protections such as DNSSEC, CAA records, and OCSP stapling are missing. No vulnerability disclosure or incident response information is available, which may hinder timely security issue reporting and resolution. The site does not implement cookie consent mechanisms or privacy policies, raising compliance concerns with GDPR. Overall, the security maturity is low and requires urgent remediation to protect user data and maintain trust.

Recommendations

  1. Obtain and deploy a valid SSL/TLS certificate to enable HTTPS across the entire site immediately.
  2. Implement modern TLS protocols (TLS 1.2 or 1.3) and strong cipher suites to secure communications.
  3. Publish comprehensive privacy, cookie, and terms of service policies to ensure regulatory compliance.
  4. Enable DNSSEC and configure CAA records to enhance DNS security and certificate issuance control.
  5. Establish a public vulnerability disclosure policy and incident response contact channels to improve security transparency and responsiveness.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Technical notes

Notes

The website uses Angular 16 with server-side rendering and Express backend, hosted behind Amazon CloudFront CDN and using Cloudflare for DNS. The tech stack is modern but the SSL/TLS configuration is critically lacking, with no valid certificate and no TLS protocols enabled. Performance metrics are missing, indicating incomplete monitoring or reporting. The site includes multiple JavaScript bundles and Dory SDK for widgets, but no analytics or tracking scripts were detected. SEO optimization is poor with minimal meta tags and no Open Graph URL. Accessibility and mobile optimization are basic, with room for improvement in content richness and navigation clarity.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 78/100Low23 findingsView report
  2. 78/100Low23 findingsView report
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