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Security report for kronos-solar.com

Kronos Solar · Energy · Germany

Low risk. 1 critical or high finding in SSL/TLS.

Security score

83/100

Risk levelLow

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Kronos Solar is a well-established solar photovoltaic development company operating primarily in Germany, France, the Netherlands, and the UK. As part of the global renewable energy group EDPR since 2022, it offers a fully integrated business model covering project development, financing, construction, ownership, and operation of utility scale solar farms. The company has a strong market position with over 1.5 GW of commissioned projects and a clear focus on powering the clean energy transition. The website reflects a professional corporate presence with good content quality and clear navigation aimed at investors, partners, and stakeholders in the renewable energy sector. Technically, the site is built on Drupal CMS, uses Google Tag Manager for analytics, and implements OneTrust for cookie consent, indicating a moderate level of digital maturity. Security posture is adequate with HTTPS and domain transfer protection, but lacks DNSSEC and security headers, which are recommended improvements. Privacy compliance is basic with cookie consent but no explicit privacy policy or terms of service detected. Overall, the site is trustworthy and professional, with room for enhanced security and compliance transparency.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
88/ 100 · Low
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

1 finding rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • High

      Weak Protocols Supported

      Server supports weak protocols: TLSv1.1

      What to do: Disable TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and all SSL versions

      • CWE-327
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V12.1.1

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Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
77
Security headers
90
Email security
65
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
88
Average
83

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The company operates in the energy sector with a focus on solar PV development across multiple European countries. Its business model is vertically integrated, managing the entire project lifecycle from initiation to operation. Being part of EDPR provides strong backing and market credibility. The website targets investors, municipalities, landowners, and partners, providing project portfolios, media news, and corporate information. The presence of investor relations and media sections indicates a mature business with growth and partnership strategies. The company’s market position as a leading solar developer with a significant project pipeline is a competitive advantage. The lack of direct contact emails or phone numbers on the main pages suggests a controlled communication channel, likely via contact forms.

Security posture

The website enforces HTTPS and uses clientTransferProhibited status on the domain, which are positive security indicators. However, DNSSEC is not enabled, and no security headers such as Content-Security-Policy or X-Frame-Options were detected in the provided data, which are recommended to mitigate common web attacks. The cookie consent mechanism via OneTrust is implemented, supporting GDPR compliance, but no explicit privacy policy or security policy pages were found. There is no visible vulnerability disclosure or incident response information, which could be improved to enhance transparency and trust. No exposed sensitive data or vulnerable libraries were identified. Overall, the security posture is moderate but can be strengthened with additional best practices.

Recommendations

  1. Enable DNSSEC on the domain to improve DNS security and prevent spoofing.
  2. Implement and publish a comprehensive privacy policy and terms of service pages to improve compliance and user trust.
  3. Add security HTTP headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and X-Content-Type-Options to enhance protection against common web vulnerabilities.
  4. Publish a security policy or vulnerability disclosure program (e.g., security.txt) to demonstrate commitment to security and facilitate responsible reporting.
  5. Consider providing direct contact information for security incidents (e.g., security@ or abuse@ email addresses) to improve incident response readiness.
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Kronos Solar
Description
Kronos Solar is a leading solar PV development platform operating in Germany, France, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. Since 2022, it is part of EDPR, a global renewable energy company. Kronos Solar develops, finances, builds, owns, and operates utility scale solar farms internationally with a track record approaching 2 GW of commissioned projects.
Key services
Solar farm development, Project financing, Construction, Operation and maintenance
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Drupal CMS, Google Tag Manager, OneTrust Cookie Consent, JavaScript, CSS
Frameworks
Drupal
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
75/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • ClientTransferProhibited domain status
  • Cookie consent mechanism implemented

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics (via Google Tag Manager)
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
basic

Advertising

Marketing tools
OneTrust Cookie Consent
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is professionally designed and well-structured.
  2. Content is focused on solar energy development and corporate information.
  3. Cookie consent is implemented with OneTrust.
  4. No direct emails or phone numbers found in the provided content; contact is via form.
  5. No explicit privacy policy or terms of service pages detected in the scanned content.
  6. No visible security.txt or vulnerability disclosure information.
  7. Use of Google Tag Manager and OneTrust indicates some level of privacy and analytics management.
  8. No signs of suspicious or malicious content.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on Drupal CMS, a mature and widely used content management system suitable for corporate websites. It uses Google Tag Manager for analytics and OneTrust for cookie consent management, indicating integration of modern marketing and privacy tools. The site appears mobile optimized and accessible with good navigation and content structure. Performance is moderate, likely due to rich media content and third-party scripts. The domain is registered with IONOS SE since 2010, consistent with the company’s business history. Hosting details are not explicit but likely aligned with the registrar. The site lacks DNSSEC and some security headers, which are technical gaps. Overall, the technical infrastructure is solid but could benefit from security hardening and enhanced privacy documentation.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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