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Security report for cst-causa.at

cSt causa Steuerberatungs GmbH · Finance · Austria

High risk. 9 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, SSL/TLS and 2 other checks.

Security score

31/100

Risk levelHigh

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

cSt causa Steuerberatungs GmbH is an established Austrian tax and corporate consulting firm offering a comprehensive range of services including payroll accounting, bookkeeping, tax consulting, corporate consulting, and mediation. The company targets a diverse clientele from international corporations to SMEs, non-profits, educational institutions, and private individuals. Founded in 2006, it has developed a strong boutique market position with international partnerships and a focus on personalized, high-quality service. The website reflects a mature digital presence built on WordPress with modern plugins and a professional design, supporting multiple languages and rich content including testimonials and detailed service descriptions. Security posture is solid with HTTPS enforced and no visible vulnerabilities, though improvements are recommended in security headers and privacy compliance mechanisms such as cookie consent. Overall, the site demonstrates high business credibility and technical maturity suitable for its sector and audience.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
3/ 100 · Critical
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

9 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      EU business without adequate privacy measures

      EU businesses are subject to strict GDPR requirements

      What to do: Implement comprehensive GDPR compliance including privacy policy, cookie consent, and data protection measures

    • Critical

      No HTTPS encryption

      GDPR requires appropriate security measures for personal data

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate for HTTPS

  2. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • Critical

      No HTTPS Encryption

      Website does not use HTTPS encryption, making all data transmission vulnerable to interception

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate and redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS

  3. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing X-Frame-Options header

      Prevents clickjacking attacks

      What to do: Add "X-Frame-Options: DENY" or "X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN"

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching cst-causa.at

This scan found 23 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
0
Security headers
15
Email security
70
DNS health
75
Network security
20
GDPR outside view
3
Average
31

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The company operates in the finance sector with a medium-sized business model focused on tax and corporate consulting services. Its competitive advantage lies in personalized, one-stop-shop solutions and a boutique approach with international reach. The firm maintains a strong partnership ecosystem, including Kojnek & Partner, and leverages digital tools for client engagement and marketing. Revenue streams likely derive from consulting fees across multiple service lines. The website's multilingual support and professional branding indicate a strategic focus on broadening market reach and client trust. Testimonials and social media presence reinforce credibility and client satisfaction.

Security posture

The website exhibits a good security posture with enforced HTTPS, absence of exposed sensitive data, and no detected vulnerable libraries. However, it lacks several recommended security headers such as Content-Security-Policy and Strict-Transport-Security, which could enhance protection against common web threats. No explicit security or incident response policies are published, and no vulnerability disclosure or security.txt files are present. The absence of a cookie consent mechanism may pose GDPR compliance risks. Overall, the security maturity is moderate to good but could be improved with additional best practices and transparency.

Recommendations

  1. Implement comprehensive security headers including CSP, HSTS, X-Content-Type-Options, and X-Frame-Options.
  2. Add a cookie consent banner and mechanism to comply fully with GDPR requirements.
  3. Publish a clear security policy and incident response contact information on the website.
  4. Consider creating a vulnerability disclosure policy or security.txt file to encourage responsible reporting.
  5. Regularly review and update third-party plugins and themes to mitigate potential vulnerabilities.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Legal name
cSt causa Steuerberatungs GmbH
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
cSt causa Steuerberatungs GmbH
Description
cSt causa ist eine österreichweit tätige interdisziplinäre Steuer- und Unternehmensberatungsgesellschaft mit einem umfassenden Leistungsportfolio.
Key services
Personalverrechnung, Buchhaltung & Bilanzierung, Steuerberatung, Unternehmensberatung, Mediation
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
WordPress 6.6.2, Avada Theme, Revolution Slider 6.7.17, jQuery 3.7.1, Google Analytics, Ninja Forms (file uploads plugin), Fusion Builder
Frameworks
WordPress, Avada Framework
Platforms
WordPress CMS
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
good
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced (canonical URLs use https)
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Use of secure cookies (SameSite=Lax)
  • No visible vulnerable libraries

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Google Tag Manager
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
basic

Advertising

Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is professionally designed and content-rich.
  2. Clear business focus on tax and corporate consulting in Austria.
  3. Multiple language support with hreflang tags for DE, EN, RU, HU.
  4. Strong presence of testimonials and client references.
  5. No visible forms collecting personal data on the homepage.
  6. No explicit cookie consent banner detected.
  7. Use of modern WordPress plugins and theme.
  8. Social media links are official and consistent with business.
  9. No security.txt or explicit security policy found.
  10. SSL/TLS is properly configured and enforced.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on WordPress 6.6.2 using the Avada theme and Revolution Slider plugin, indicating a modern and widely supported CMS infrastructure. It uses jQuery 3.7.1 and several Fusion Builder scripts for layout and interactivity. Google Analytics and Google Tag Manager are integrated for analytics and marketing. The site is mobile optimized with responsive design and good accessibility features. Performance is moderate, likely influenced by slider and plugin usage. SEO is well addressed with meta tags, Open Graph, and JSON-LD structured data. No hosting provider details were detected from the HTML content. Overall, the technical implementation is solid with room for performance optimization and enhanced security configurations.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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