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Security report for clevelandclinic.org

Cleveland Clinic · Healthcare · United States

Low risk. 1 critical or high finding in GDPR outside view.

Security score

81/100

Risk levelLow

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

Cleveland Clinic is a globally recognized non-profit academic medical center founded in 1921, providing comprehensive clinical and hospital care, research, education, and health information services. The website reflects its strong market position as a leading healthcare provider with extensive services including patient appointments, virtual visits, clinical trials, and health education. The digital presence is mature, leveraging modern technologies such as Google Tag Manager, Optimizely, Adobe DTM, and a consent management platform to ensure compliance and user engagement. The site is well-structured, mobile-optimized, and rich in authoritative content, supporting a broad audience including patients, visitors, and medical professionals. Technically, the website employs a robust tech stack with Sitecore CMS, advanced analytics, and live chat support, hosted likely behind Cloudflare for performance and security. The site demonstrates excellent SEO, accessibility, and performance metrics, with comprehensive metadata and structured data enhancing search visibility. Security posture is strong with HTTPS enforcement, consent management, and no visible vulnerabilities, although explicit security headers could be more clearly documented. Privacy policies and cookie consent mechanisms are comprehensive and GDPR compliant, reflecting a mature approach to data protection. Overall, the website is trustworthy, professional, and aligns well with Cleveland Clinic's brand and business objectives. The lack of WHOIS data is mitigated by the organization's known reputation and privacy protection practices. Strategic recommendations include enhancing security header transparency, publishing a vulnerability disclosure policy, and improving incident response contact visibility to further strengthen trust and compliance.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
68/ 100 · Medium
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

1 finding rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
90
Security headers
65
Email security
85
DNS health
80
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
68
Average
81

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

Cleveland Clinic operates as a leading healthcare institution with a non-profit business model focused on patient care, research, and education. Its market positioning is strong nationally and internationally, supported by multiple subsidiaries and international locations. The company targets patients, healthcare providers, and medical professionals, offering a wide range of services from clinical care to virtual consultations and health information dissemination. Revenue streams likely include patient services, research funding, and educational programs. The partnership ecosystem includes international subsidiaries and specialized service sites. The website's professional content and extensive resources indicate a mature digital strategy supporting growth and engagement.

Security posture

The website exhibits a high level of security maturity with enforced HTTPS, use of a consent management platform, and integration of secure live chat services. No exposed sensitive data or vulnerable libraries were detected. Privacy policies are comprehensive and GDPR compliant. However, explicit security headers such as X-Frame-Options and X-Content-Type-Options are not clearly visible and should be verified. Incident response contact information and a vulnerability disclosure policy are not found, representing areas for improvement. Overall, the security posture is strong with minor gaps in transparency and formal disclosure mechanisms.

Recommendations

  1. Publish and verify explicit security headers including X-Frame-Options and X-Content-Type-Options.
  2. Develop and publicize a formal vulnerability disclosure policy to encourage responsible reporting.
  3. Enhance visibility of incident response contacts for security issues on the website.
  4. Regularly audit third-party scripts and integrations for security and privacy compliance.
  5. Maintain and update privacy and cookie consent mechanisms to align with evolving regulations.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Legal name
Cleveland Clinic
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
Cleveland Clinic
Description
Cleveland Clinic, a non-profit academic medical center, provides clinical and hospital care and is a leader in research, education and health information, and regarded as the best and highest-performing hospital in the world.
Key services
Clinical and hospital care, Research and clinical trials, Education and training programs, Virtual visits and second opinions, Patient appointments and access, Health library and wellness information
Content quality
excellent
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
Google Tag Manager, Optimizely, Adobe DTM, Invoca, jQuery 3.0.0, Microsoft Omnichannel Live Chat Widget, BigID CMP, Scorecard Research, Cloudflare Insights
Frameworks
Schema.org JSON-LD structured data
Performance
fast
Mobile
excellent
Accessibility
good
SEO
excellent

Security

Observed score
90/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Use of consent management platform (BigID CMP)
  • Secure live chat integration
  • No visible vulnerable libraries

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Tag Manager, Cloudflare Insights, Scorecard Research
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Ad networks
Invoca, Scorecard Research
Tracking pixels
Cloudflare Insights, Scorecard Research, Invoca
Marketing tools
Optimizely, Adobe DTM
Transparency
good

Site quality

Design
excellent
User experience
excellent
Content relevance
excellent
Navigation
excellent
Professionalism
excellent
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with rich content and professional design.
  2. Strong presence of healthcare-related structured data and metadata.
  3. Multiple contact phone numbers clearly labeled for appointments and questions.
  4. Social media presence on major platforms with official accounts.
  5. Use of modern web technologies and analytics tools.
  6. No signs of phishing, malware, or suspicious content.
  7. Privacy and cookie policies are present and comprehensive.
  8. No visible forms collecting sensitive data on homepage; appointment requests are linked externally.
  9. WHOIS data unavailable, likely due to privacy protection, which is common for large organizations.
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on a modern technology stack including Sitecore CMS, Google Tag Manager, Optimizely, Adobe DTM, and Microsoft Omnichannel Live Chat. It uses structured data (JSON-LD) for SEO and rich snippets, and is hosted likely behind Cloudflare for performance and security. The site is mobile-optimized, fast loading, and accessible with clear navigation and professional design. Technical debt appears low, with opportunities to improve security header transparency and formalize vulnerability disclosure. Overall, the technical infrastructure supports a robust, scalable, and user-friendly digital presence aligned with business goals.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

Earlier scans of this domain

  1. 79/100Low26 findingsView report
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