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Security report for charlesscerri.com

CSA Group Limited · Finance · Malta

Medium risk. 5 critical or high findings in GDPR outside view, SSL/TLS and 1 other check.

Security score

59/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

CSA Group Limited is a leading corporate and advisory firm based in Malta, specializing in financial services including accounting, audit, compliance, corporate legal services, immigration, and taxation. The company has a strong market position with over 25 years of experience and is undergoing a rebranding to CLA Malta in 2024. The website is built on WordPress using the Avada theme and integrates modern technologies such as Google Analytics and Yoast SEO for digital maturity. Security posture is solid with HTTPS enforced and no critical vulnerabilities detected, though additional security headers could enhance protection. Privacy compliance is well addressed with clear policies and cookie consent mechanisms. Overall, the website reflects a professional and trustworthy business with comprehensive service offerings and clear contact information.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
28/ 100 · High
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

5 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. GDPR outside view

    These are the privacy signals visitors and data protection authorities look for under GDPR.

    • Critical

      No HTTPS encryption

      GDPR requires appropriate security measures for personal data

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate for HTTPS

    • High

      No Cookie Policy found

      GDPR requires clear information about cookie usage

      What to do: Add a dedicated cookie policy explaining cookie usage and purposes

    • High

      No Cookie Consent Banner found

      GDPR requires explicit consent for non-essential cookies

      What to do: Implement a cookie consent banner that appears on first visit

  2. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • Critical

      No HTTPS Encryption

      Website does not use HTTPS encryption, making all data transmission vulnerable to interception

      What to do: Implement SSL/TLS certificate and redirect all HTTP traffic to HTTPS

  3. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching charlesscerri.com

This scan found 17 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
0
Security headers
65
Email security
85
DNS health
75
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
28
Average
59

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

The firm targets businesses and individuals requiring corporate and financial advisory services in Malta, leveraging a medium-sized operation with multiple subsidiaries authorized by Maltese regulatory bodies. Their business model focuses on providing tailored solutions across various sectors including financial services, regulatory compliance, and immigration planning. The partnership ecosystem includes CLA Malta and 4sight.mt, indicating strategic collaborations. The company demonstrates growth and market relevance through consistent branding, active social media presence, and updated content reflecting industry trends.

Security posture

The website exhibits a mature security posture with HTTPS enabled and no exposed sensitive data. Security best practices such as use of reputable plugins and absence of vulnerable libraries are observed. However, the lack of advanced security headers and incident response information suggests room for improvement. No evidence of security incidents or vulnerabilities was found. The site lacks a dedicated security policy or vulnerability disclosure page, which could enhance transparency and trust.

Recommendations

  1. Implement comprehensive security headers including Content-Security-Policy, X-Content-Type-Options, and X-Frame-Options.
  2. Publish a clear security policy and incident response plan accessible on the website.
  3. Add a security.txt file to facilitate responsible vulnerability disclosure.
  4. Regularly audit and update all plugins and themes to mitigate potential vulnerabilities.
  5. Enhance accessibility features to improve compliance and user experience.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Legal name
CSA Group Limited
Registration number
C 99184
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
CSA Group Limited
Description
CSA Group is a Top Tier Corporate, Advisory, Accountancy, Consultancy and Audit Firm in Malta who operates in the Financial Services Industry in Malta
Key services
Accounting & Payroll Administration, Advisory, Audit & Assurance, Compliance & AML, Corporate Legal Services, Immigration, Citizenship and Residency Planning, Outsourcing, Recruitment, Regulatory, Taxation and Tax Compliance
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
WordPress, Avada Theme, jQuery, Yoast SEO plugin, Google Analytics, Google Tag Manager, Ays Popup Box plugin, Contact Form 7
Frameworks
Avada Framework
Platforms
WordPress CMS
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
basic
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
85/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced (canonical URLs use https)
  • No exposed credentials or sensitive data in HTML
  • Use of security plugins (implied by Contact Form 7 and popup plugins)
  • No visible vulnerable libraries detected

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics, Google Tag Manager
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
good

Advertising

Marketing tools
Yoast SEO, Ays Popup Box
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is professionally designed with clear navigation and comprehensive service offerings
  2. Strong presence of corporate and advisory services focused on Malta financial services industry
  3. Use of modern WordPress CMS with popular plugins and SEO optimization
  4. Privacy and cookie policies implemented with consent mechanism
  5. No critical security issues or WAF blocking detected
  6. Popup modal announces rebranding to CLA Malta effective September 2024
  7. Contact information clearly provided including email, phone, and physical address
  8. Social media presence on Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn consistent with business branding
Technical notes

Notes

The website is powered by WordPress CMS with the Avada theme, leveraging popular plugins such as Yoast SEO and Contact Form 7. It uses jQuery and integrates Google Analytics and Tag Manager for tracking. Performance is moderate with good mobile optimization and basic accessibility. The site uses structured data (JSON-LD) for SEO enhancement. Hosting provider details are not explicit. The technical implementation is modern but could benefit from performance optimizations and enhanced accessibility compliance.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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