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Security report for fosan.org

FOSAN · Non-profit · Italy

Medium risk. 5 critical or high findings in Security headers, SSL/TLS and 1 other check.

Security score

66/100

Risk levelMedium

0–100, higher is better. How it is calculated

FOSAN is a non-profit scientific association based in Italy focused on research, training, and consultancy in food science and nutrition. The organization offers services including food development projects, scientific publications, educational courses, and membership benefits. The website is professionally designed using WordPress with modern SEO and slider plugins, providing good content quality and user experience primarily in Italian. Security posture is solid with HTTPS and secure forms, though security headers and explicit privacy policies are missing. The absence of WHOIS registration data limits domain trust verification but the website content and collaborations with reputable institutions support legitimacy. Overall, the site is a credible resource for professionals and researchers in the nutrition sector.

Scanned

NIS2 and GDPR posture

GDPR outside view
83/ 100 · Low
Checks completed
7of 7

NIS2 Art. 21(2)

  1. (a) Risk analysis and security policies: Not visible from outside
  2. (b) Incident handling: One indicator
  3. (c) Business continuity, backups and crisis management: Not visible from outside
  4. (d) Supply chain security: Not visible from outside
  5. (e) Secure acquisition, development and maintenance, including vulnerability handling: Partly checked
  6. (f) Assessing the effectiveness of security measures: Not visible from outside
  7. (g) Cyber hygiene and security training: Not visible from outside
  8. (h) Cryptography and encryption: Partly checked
  9. (i) HR security, access control and asset management: One indicator
  10. (j) Multi-factor authentication and secured communications: Not visible from outside

This scan rated NIS2 with an earlier keyword method that is no longer shown; rescan for the per-article view. Risk management, continuity, supply chain, training, MFA, management oversight (Art. 20) and incident reporting (Art. 23) need internal evidence, and Guard cannot tell whether NIS2 applies to this organisation.

GDPR is indicative only, based on publicly visible signals: Articles 7, 12, 13 and 32 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Article 5(3) of the ePrivacy Directive. Not a certification or legal assessment.

Priority findings

5 findings rated critical or high. Fix these first.

  1. Security headers

    Security headers are instructions your web server sends to every visitor’s browser. Missing ones leave visitors more exposed to attacks such as clickjacking and injected scripts.

    • High

      Missing Strict-Transport-Security header

      Forces HTTPS connections

      What to do: Add "Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload"

      • CWE-319
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V3.4.1
    • High

      Missing X-Frame-Options header

      Prevents clickjacking attacks

      What to do: Add "X-Frame-Options: DENY" or "X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN"

    • High

      Missing Content-Security-Policy header

      Controls resources the browser is allowed to load

      What to do: Implement a Content-Security-Policy appropriate for your application

      • ASVS V3.4.3
      • OWASP Secure Headers: OWASP Secure Headers Project recommends Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; base-uri 'self'; object-src 'none';…

  2. SSL/TLS

    TLS encrypts the connection and proves the site is really yours. Weak or expiring certificates trigger browser warnings and put traffic at risk.

    • High

      Weak Protocols Supported

      Server supports weak protocols: TLSv1.1

      What to do: Disable TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and all SSL versions

      • CWE-327
      • OWASP A04:2025
      • ASVS V12.1.1

  3. DNS health

    DNS sends visitors and email to the right servers. Misconfigured records can cause outages or let someone redirect your traffic.

    • High

      Domain Expires Soon

      Domain expires in 5 days

      What to do: Renew domain registration before expiration

Need hands-on remediation? Email guard@offseq.com

Keep watching fosan.org

This scan found 25 issues across 6 checks. Monitoring re-runs those checks daily, emails you when something material changes and records each fix, so you can show progress.

Daily monitoring

Recommended

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  • TLS certificates and expiry
  • DNS records
  • SPF, DKIM and DMARC
  • Security headers
  • GDPR and NIS2 posture
  • Exposed services
  • Third-party trackers
  • Security score drift

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Results by check

Each check with its score, findings and the evidence it collected.

How this score is calculated

The security score runs 0–100, higher is better. It is the plain average of the security checks that completed in this scan, each counted equally. A check that could not run is left out: it counts neither as a pass nor as a fail.

Counted in this score

SSL/TLS
67
Security headers
15
Email security
75
DNS health
55
Network security
100
GDPR outside view
83
Average
66

Not counted

  • NIS2 outside view: Re-weights evidence from the TLS, email, DNS, network and hygiene checks, so counting it would count that evidence twice. Shown on its own.
  • OffSeq Observations: An AI reading of the site, useful context but not reproducible evidence. Shown on its own.

Findings that cap the score at 49

Each of these is serious on its own, so while any is present the site cannot rate better than high risk, however good the other checks are.

  • The certificate is not trusted by browsers
  • The website is not served over HTTPS
  • A database, remote desktop, file-sharing or Telnet service is reachable from the internet
  • The page loads a script from a compromised source
  • The domain registration has expired
  • SPF authorises every server to send mail as the domain

Partial scans

When the site blocks Guard or most checks cannot run, the score covers only the checks that ran (usually DNS and email), is capped at 75 and is shown as partial, without a risk level.

Risk levels

  • Critical0–25
  • High26–49
  • Medium50–75
  • Low76–100

Technical appendix

Business context, site observations and technical notes gathered during the scan, and the standards behind each reference.

Business context

Business profile

FOSAN operates in a niche scientific research and education market, targeting researchers, food industry partners, and nutrition professionals. Its business model is non-profit, relying on research projects, publications, training events, and memberships. The organization collaborates with universities and research institutes, enhancing its credibility and reach. The website reflects a small-sized entity founded in 2016, with consistent branding and a clear focus on food science. Growth potential lies in expanding digital publications and training offerings. The partnership ecosystem includes academic and industry stakeholders, supporting its mission and market position.

Security posture

The website employs HTTPS and secure form handling, indicating a baseline security maturity. However, it lacks explicit security headers such as Content-Security-Policy and X-Frame-Options, which could improve protection against common web attacks. No vulnerabilities or exposed sensitive data were detected in the HTML content. Privacy compliance is partial, with a cookie consent mechanism but no visible privacy or terms of service pages. Incident response and vulnerability disclosure policies are absent, which could be improved to enhance security culture and readiness. Overall, the security posture is moderate with room for enhancement in compliance and header implementation.

Recommendations

  1. Publish a comprehensive privacy policy and terms of service pages to improve legal compliance and user trust.
  2. Implement security headers like Content-Security-Policy, X-Content-Type-Options, and X-Frame-Options to strengthen web security.
  3. Establish and publicize incident response and vulnerability disclosure policies to enhance security transparency and readiness.
  4. Verify and update WHOIS domain registration information to improve domain trustworthiness and legitimacy.
  5. Enhance accessibility features and conduct regular security audits to maintain a robust security posture.

Contact details published on the site

Addresses
Site observations

Automated reading of the public site. Ratings are indicative.

Business

Company
FOSAN
Description
Associazione scientifica “senza scopo di lucro”, che svolge attività di ricerca, formazione e consulenza, sulla nutrizione.
Key services
Sviluppo alimentare (Food development research and consultancy), Pubblicazioni (Scientific journal publication), Formazione e convegni (Training and conferences), Membership services
Content quality
good
Branding
consistent

Technology

Stack
WordPress, Avada Theme, Yoast SEO, Slider Revolution, Google Analytics (via Site Kit), Font Awesome, jQuery
Platforms
WordPress
Performance
moderate
Mobile
good
Accessibility
basic
SEO
good

Security

Observed score
80/100
Good practices seen
  • HTTPS enforced
  • No exposed sensitive data in HTML
  • Secure search form with POST method

Analytics and tracking

Services
Google Analytics
Tracking level
moderate
Privacy practices
basic

Advertising

Marketing tools
Site Kit by Google
Transparency
basic

Site quality

Design
good
User experience
good
Content relevance
good
Navigation
good
Professionalism
good
Trustworthiness
high

Key observations

  1. Website is fully accessible with rich content in Italian language
  2. No explicit privacy or terms of service pages found
  3. Cookie consent mechanism is implemented
  4. No direct contact emails or phone numbers found on homepage
  5. Strong focus on scientific research and education in food and nutrition
  6. Use of modern WordPress theme and SEO plugin
  7. No signs of malicious or suspicious content
  8. WHOIS data is missing or blocked, limiting domain trust verification
Technical notes

Notes

The website is built on WordPress using the Avada theme, Yoast SEO, and Slider Revolution plugins, indicating a modern and flexible technical infrastructure. Google Analytics is integrated via Site Kit for traffic analysis. The site is mobile optimized with responsive design and good navigation clarity. Performance is moderate, with potential improvements in loading speed and accessibility. No deprecated or vulnerable libraries were detected in the provided HTML. The technical stack supports the business needs effectively but could benefit from enhanced security configurations and privacy compliance features.
Standards and sources

Reference chips under each finding point to the standard, regulation or specification the finding relates to. They are taken from the official datasets below and mapped conservatively: a finding with no defensible link shows none. NIS2 and GDPR references mark where a finding is relevant evidence, not a compliance verdict. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2690 binds digital infrastructure and digital service providers; for other entities it is the most detailed public reading of the Article 21 measures. WCAG, EN 301 549, European Accessibility Act and Web Accessibility Directive references name the requirement an automated accessibility rule relates to; they are not a conformance verdict.

Retrieved 2026-10-25

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